TY - JOUR
T1 - High-velocity resistance training improves executive function in mobility-limited older adults
AU - Feter, Natan
AU - Schaun, Gustavo Z.
AU - Smith, Emily C.
AU - Cassuriaga, Júlia
AU - Alt, Ricardo
AU - Redig, Larissa
AU - Alberton, Cristine Lima
AU - Coombes, Jeff S.
AU - Rombaldi, Airton J.
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was financed in part by the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do estado do Rio Grande do Sul (FAPERGS), Brazil ( 19/2551-0001979-3 ). This study was financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - Brasil (CAPES) - Finance Code 001 - and by the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development - CNPq .
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2023/11
Y1 - 2023/11
N2 - Objectives: To examine the effect of high-velocity resistance training (HVRT) on the executive function of middle-aged and older adults with and without mobility limitations. Methods: Participants (n = 41, female: 48.9%) completed a supervised 12-week HVRT intervention (2 sessions/week; at 40–60% of one-repetition maximum). The sample included 17 middle-aged adults (40–55 years); 16 older adults (>60 years) and 8 mobility-limited older adults (LIM). Executive function was assessed before and after the intervention period and was reported as z-scores. Maximal dynamic strength, peak power, quadriceps muscle thickness, maximal isometric voluntary contraction (MVIC), and functional performance were also measured pre and post intervention. Training-related adaptations in cognitive measures were calculated using a Generalized Estimating Equation model. Results: HVRT improved executive function in LIM (adjusted marginal mean differences [AMMD]: 0.21; 95%CI: 0.04, 0.38; p = 0.040) although no effect on middle-aged (AMMD: 0.04; 95%CI: -0.09; 0.17; p = 0.533) and older (AMMD: -0.11; 95%CI: -0.25; 0.02; p = 0.107) participants was observed. Improvements in maximal dynamic strength, peak power, MVIC, quadriceps muscle thickness, and functional performance were all associated with changes in executive function, and changes in the first four also seem to mediate the association between changes in functional performance and executive function. Conclusions: HVRT-induced improvement in executive function of mobility-limited older adults were mediated by changes in lower-body muscle strength, power, and muscle thickness. Our findings reinforce the relevance of muscle-strengthening exercises to preserve cognition and mobility in older adults.
AB - Objectives: To examine the effect of high-velocity resistance training (HVRT) on the executive function of middle-aged and older adults with and without mobility limitations. Methods: Participants (n = 41, female: 48.9%) completed a supervised 12-week HVRT intervention (2 sessions/week; at 40–60% of one-repetition maximum). The sample included 17 middle-aged adults (40–55 years); 16 older adults (>60 years) and 8 mobility-limited older adults (LIM). Executive function was assessed before and after the intervention period and was reported as z-scores. Maximal dynamic strength, peak power, quadriceps muscle thickness, maximal isometric voluntary contraction (MVIC), and functional performance were also measured pre and post intervention. Training-related adaptations in cognitive measures were calculated using a Generalized Estimating Equation model. Results: HVRT improved executive function in LIM (adjusted marginal mean differences [AMMD]: 0.21; 95%CI: 0.04, 0.38; p = 0.040) although no effect on middle-aged (AMMD: 0.04; 95%CI: -0.09; 0.17; p = 0.533) and older (AMMD: -0.11; 95%CI: -0.25; 0.02; p = 0.107) participants was observed. Improvements in maximal dynamic strength, peak power, MVIC, quadriceps muscle thickness, and functional performance were all associated with changes in executive function, and changes in the first four also seem to mediate the association between changes in functional performance and executive function. Conclusions: HVRT-induced improvement in executive function of mobility-limited older adults were mediated by changes in lower-body muscle strength, power, and muscle thickness. Our findings reinforce the relevance of muscle-strengthening exercises to preserve cognition and mobility in older adults.
KW - Cognitive dysfunction
KW - Executive function
KW - Functional performance
KW - Power training
KW - Resistance training
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85163335759&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.archger.2023.105081
DO - 10.1016/j.archger.2023.105081
M3 - Article
C2 - 37269697
AN - SCOPUS:85163335759
SN - 0167-4943
VL - 114
JO - Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics
JF - Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics
M1 - 105081
ER -