Suicide risk-related knowledge and attitudes of General Practitioners

Background: Those attempting or committing suicide very often contact their general practitioner (GP) in the weeks before the suicidal act. Therefore, the ability of GPs to detect and treat suicidality is of major importance for suicide prevention. Objectives: This study investigated the knowledge, attitudes, experiences, and potential problems GPs have in dealing with persons at risk of committing suicide in Vienna, a city well known for having a rather high suicide rate. Methods: A 41-item questionnaire was developed and mailed to a random sample of 200 Viennese GPs who practice under the health insurance system. Results: GPs' knowledge on suicidality and its management is sufficient, as is their awareness of risk groups, particularly regarding the suicide risk of depressed persons. However, there is a marked underestimation of the suicide risk of alcoholics and an overestimation of the risk of physicians. GPs also found it difficult to assess suicide risk, and they generally did not receive enough training in suicide prevention and were interested in further training. Conclusions: The results indicate a high general knowledge on suicidality, and a rather liberal attitude towards the issue, but they also reveal deficits and a need for further training.