Why the Northern Hemisphere Needs a 30–40 m Telescope and the Science at Stake: A Low Surface Brightness Science Case

Mireia Montes; Ignacio Trujillo; David Martínez-Delgado; Borja Anguiano; Magda Arnaboldi; Michael A. Beasley; Fernando Buitrago; Michele Cantiello; Andrés del Pino Molina; Amandine Doliva-Dolinsky; Helena Dominguez Sanchez; Mauro D'Onofrio; P. A. Duc; Katja Fahrion; Anna Ferré-Mateu; Carme Gallart; Nina Hatch; Enrica Iodice; Yolanda Jiménez-Teja; Francine Marleau; Chris Mihos; Nicola Napolitano; Agnieszka Pollo; Javier Roman; Joanna Sakowska; Jorge Sanchez Almeida; Patricia Sanchez-Blazquez; Marilena Spavone; Thomas Guillaume; Eva Villaver

doi:10.48550/arXiv.2512.14784

Why the Northern Hemisphere Needs a 30–40 m Telescope and the Science at Stake: A Low Surface Brightness Science Case

Mireia Montes
, Ignacio Trujillo
, David Martínez-Delgado
, Borja Anguiano
, Magda Arnaboldi
, Michael A. Beasley
, Fernando Buitrago
, Michele Cantiello
, Andrés del Pino Molina
, Amandine Doliva-Dolinsky
, Helena Dominguez Sanchez
, Mauro D'Onofrio
, P. A. Duc
, Katja Fahrion
, Anna Ferré-Mateu
, Carme Gallart
, Nina Hatch
, Enrica Iodice
, Yolanda Jiménez-Teja
, Francine Marleau

Chris Mihos, Nicola Napolitano, Agnieszka Pollo, Javier Roman, Joanna Sakowska, Jorge Sanchez Almeida, Patricia Sanchez-Blazquez, Marilena Spavone, Thomas Guillaume, Eva Villaver

Institut für Astrophysik

Veröffentlichungen: Working Paper › Preprint

Abstract

The Extragalactic Low Surface Brightness (LSB, µV ≳ 27 mag/arcsec2
) Universe represents
a crucial, yet largely unseen, frontier in modern astrophysics. This faint realm holds the
keys to completing our understanding of galaxy evolution, hierarchical assembly, and even
the fundamental nature of dark matter. Our current theoretical models are inherently incomplete, largely mirroring the properties of the brightest, most easily observed objects.
To overcome this critical bias and unlock the secrets of this realm, a transformative leap
in observational capability is required. A 30 to 40m class telescope, leveraging unprecedented sensitivity and spatial resolution, especially with adaptive optics, is the essential tool
to fundamentally probe these faint, low-density stellar regimes. This white paper details
the transformative LSB science that such a facility, strategically positioned in the Northern
Hemisphere (NH) to access crucial nearby structures and rich environments, can achieve.

Originalsprache	Englisch
Seitenumfang	4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2512.14784
Publikationsstatus	Veröffentlicht - Dez. 2025

ÖFOS 2012

103003 Astronomie
103004 Astrophysik

Zugriff auf Dokument

10.48550/arXiv.2512.14784Lizenz: CC BY 4.0

https://arxiv.org/pdf/2512.14784Lizenz: CC BY 4.0

Andere Dateien und Links

https://next.eso.org/

Zitationsweisen

Montes, M., Trujillo, I., Martínez-Delgado, D., Anguiano, B., Arnaboldi, M., Beasley, M. A., Buitrago, F., Cantiello, M., del Pino Molina, A., Doliva-Dolinsky, A., Dominguez Sanchez, H., D'Onofrio, M., Duc, P. A., Fahrion, K., Ferré-Mateu, A., Gallart, C., Hatch, N., Iodice, E., Jiménez-Teja, Y., ... Villaver, E. (2025). Why the Northern Hemisphere Needs a 30–40 m Telescope and the Science at Stake: A Low Surface Brightness Science Case. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2512.14784

@techreport{8fecf6c29e7e4d259217ef855f937e99,

title = "Why the Northern Hemisphere Needs a 30–40 m Telescope and the Science at Stake: A Low Surface Brightness Science Case",

abstract = "The Extragalactic Low Surface Brightness (LSB, µV ≳ 27 mag/arcsec2 ) Universe represents a crucial, yet largely unseen, frontier in modern astrophysics. This faint realm holds the keys to completing our understanding of galaxy evolution, hierarchical assembly, and even the fundamental nature of dark matter. Our current theoretical models are inherently incomplete, largely mirroring the properties of the brightest, most easily observed objects. To overcome this critical bias and unlock the secrets of this realm, a transformative leap in observational capability is required. A 30 to 40m class telescope, leveraging unprecedented sensitivity and spatial resolution, especially with adaptive optics, is the essential tool to fundamentally probe these faint, low-density stellar regimes. This white paper details the transformative LSB science that such a facility, strategically positioned in the Northern Hemisphere (NH) to access crucial nearby structures and rich environments, can achieve.",

author = "Mireia Montes and Ignacio Trujillo and David Mart{\'i}nez-Delgado and Borja Anguiano and Magda Arnaboldi and Beasley, \{Michael A.\} and Fernando Buitrago and Michele Cantiello and \{del Pino Molina\}, Andr{\'e}s and Amandine Doliva-Dolinsky and \{Dominguez Sanchez\}, Helena and Mauro D'Onofrio and Duc, \{P. A.\} and Katja Fahrion and Anna Ferr{\'e}-Mateu and Carme Gallart and Nina Hatch and Enrica Iodice and Yolanda Jim{\'e}nez-Teja and Francine Marleau and Chris Mihos and Nicola Napolitano and Agnieszka Pollo and Javier Roman and Joanna Sakowska and \{Sanchez Almeida\}, Jorge and Patricia Sanchez-Blazquez and Marilena Spavone and Thomas Guillaume and Eva Villaver",

year = "2025",

month = dec,

doi = "10.48550/arXiv.2512.14784",

language = "English",

type = "WorkingPaper",

}

Montes, M, Trujillo, I, Martínez-Delgado, D, Anguiano, B, Arnaboldi, M, Beasley, MA, Buitrago, F, Cantiello, M, del Pino Molina, A, Doliva-Dolinsky, A, Dominguez Sanchez, H, D'Onofrio, M, Duc, PA, Fahrion, K, Ferré-Mateu, A, Gallart, C, Hatch, N, Iodice, E, Jiménez-Teja, Y, Marleau, F, Mihos, C, Napolitano, N, Pollo, A, Roman, J, Sakowska, J, Sanchez Almeida, J, Sanchez-Blazquez, P, Spavone, M, Guillaume, T & Villaver, E 2025 'Why the Northern Hemisphere Needs a 30–40 m Telescope and the Science at Stake: A Low Surface Brightness Science Case'. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2512.14784

TY - UNPB

T1 - Why the Northern Hemisphere Needs a 30–40 m Telescope and the Science at Stake

T2 - A Low Surface Brightness Science Case

AU - Montes, Mireia

AU - Trujillo, Ignacio

AU - Martínez-Delgado, David

AU - Anguiano, Borja

AU - Arnaboldi, Magda

AU - Beasley, Michael A.

AU - Buitrago, Fernando

AU - Cantiello, Michele

AU - del Pino Molina, Andrés

AU - Doliva-Dolinsky, Amandine

AU - Dominguez Sanchez, Helena

AU - D'Onofrio, Mauro

AU - Duc, P. A.

AU - Fahrion, Katja

AU - Ferré-Mateu, Anna

AU - Gallart, Carme

AU - Hatch, Nina

AU - Iodice, Enrica

AU - Jiménez-Teja, Yolanda

AU - Marleau, Francine

AU - Mihos, Chris

AU - Napolitano, Nicola

AU - Pollo, Agnieszka

AU - Roman, Javier

AU - Sakowska, Joanna

AU - Sanchez Almeida, Jorge

AU - Sanchez-Blazquez, Patricia

AU - Spavone, Marilena

AU - Guillaume, Thomas

AU - Villaver, Eva

PY - 2025/12

Y1 - 2025/12

N2 - The Extragalactic Low Surface Brightness (LSB, µV ≳ 27 mag/arcsec2 ) Universe represents a crucial, yet largely unseen, frontier in modern astrophysics. This faint realm holds the keys to completing our understanding of galaxy evolution, hierarchical assembly, and even the fundamental nature of dark matter. Our current theoretical models are inherently incomplete, largely mirroring the properties of the brightest, most easily observed objects. To overcome this critical bias and unlock the secrets of this realm, a transformative leap in observational capability is required. A 30 to 40m class telescope, leveraging unprecedented sensitivity and spatial resolution, especially with adaptive optics, is the essential tool to fundamentally probe these faint, low-density stellar regimes. This white paper details the transformative LSB science that such a facility, strategically positioned in the Northern Hemisphere (NH) to access crucial nearby structures and rich environments, can achieve.

AB - The Extragalactic Low Surface Brightness (LSB, µV ≳ 27 mag/arcsec2 ) Universe represents a crucial, yet largely unseen, frontier in modern astrophysics. This faint realm holds the keys to completing our understanding of galaxy evolution, hierarchical assembly, and even the fundamental nature of dark matter. Our current theoretical models are inherently incomplete, largely mirroring the properties of the brightest, most easily observed objects. To overcome this critical bias and unlock the secrets of this realm, a transformative leap in observational capability is required. A 30 to 40m class telescope, leveraging unprecedented sensitivity and spatial resolution, especially with adaptive optics, is the essential tool to fundamentally probe these faint, low-density stellar regimes. This white paper details the transformative LSB science that such a facility, strategically positioned in the Northern Hemisphere (NH) to access crucial nearby structures and rich environments, can achieve.

UR - https://next.eso.org/

U2 - 10.48550/arXiv.2512.14784

DO - 10.48550/arXiv.2512.14784

M3 - Preprint

BT - Why the Northern Hemisphere Needs a 30–40 m Telescope and the Science at Stake

ER -

Why the Northern Hemisphere Needs a 30–40 m Telescope and the Science at Stake: A Low Surface Brightness Science Case

Abstract

ÖFOS 2012

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