TY - JOUR
T1 - 3D visualization of bioerosion in archaeological bone
AU - Duffett Carlson, Kellie Sara
AU - Mandl, Kirsten
AU - McCall, Ashley
AU - Brönnimann, David
AU - Teschler-Nicola, Maria
AU - Weiss-Krejci, Estella
AU - Metscher, Brian
N1 - Funding Information:
This paper is part of a dissertation project and sponsored by the Vienna Doctoral School of Ecology and Evolution (VDSEE) 2021-Completion Grant of the University of Vienna awarded to K.M. Thin-section preparation was funded by the DEEPDEAD project (Deploying the Dead: Artefacts and Human Bodies in Socio-Cultural Transformations) under the HERA Joint Research Programme “Uses of the Past” (UP) [Collaborative Research Project (CRP) no. 15.055 ] and the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No. 649307 .
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 The Author(s)
PY - 2022/9
Y1 - 2022/9
N2 - Palaeoradiology is increasingly being used in archaeological and forensic sciences as a minimally invasive alternative to traditional histological methods for investigating bone microanatomy and its destruction by diagenetic processes. To better understand ancient mortuary practices, taphonomic studies using microCT scanning methods are gaining an ever more important role. Recently it was demonstrated that 2D virtual sections obtained by microCT scanning of intact samples are comparable to physical sections for the rating and diagnosis of bioerosion in archaeological bone. Importantly, volume image data obtained from tomographic methods also allow the rendering and analysis of 3D models. Building on these methods we provide (1) detailed descriptions of bioerosion in 3D volume renderings, virtual sections, and traditional micrographs, and (2) accessible techniques for the visualization of bioerosion in skeletal samples. The dataset is based on twenty-eight cortical bone samples, including twenty femora (of which five are cremated), two ribs, two parietals, one mandibular ramus, one humerus, and two faunal long bones from five archaeological sites in Lower Austria dating from the Early Neolithic to the Late Iron Age. Notably, we reduce the need for time-consuming image segmentation by sequentially applying two noise-reducing, edge-preserving filters, and using an image-display transfer function that visualizes bioerosion, as well as Haversian and Volkmann canal structure and density in 3D. In doing so we are also able to visualize in 3D the invasion of canals by microbiota, which has previously only been reported in 2D sections. Unlike conventional thin sections, the 3D volume images shown here are easy to create and interpret, even for archaeologists inexperienced in histology, and readily facilitate the illustration and communication of microtaphonomic effects.
AB - Palaeoradiology is increasingly being used in archaeological and forensic sciences as a minimally invasive alternative to traditional histological methods for investigating bone microanatomy and its destruction by diagenetic processes. To better understand ancient mortuary practices, taphonomic studies using microCT scanning methods are gaining an ever more important role. Recently it was demonstrated that 2D virtual sections obtained by microCT scanning of intact samples are comparable to physical sections for the rating and diagnosis of bioerosion in archaeological bone. Importantly, volume image data obtained from tomographic methods also allow the rendering and analysis of 3D models. Building on these methods we provide (1) detailed descriptions of bioerosion in 3D volume renderings, virtual sections, and traditional micrographs, and (2) accessible techniques for the visualization of bioerosion in skeletal samples. The dataset is based on twenty-eight cortical bone samples, including twenty femora (of which five are cremated), two ribs, two parietals, one mandibular ramus, one humerus, and two faunal long bones from five archaeological sites in Lower Austria dating from the Early Neolithic to the Late Iron Age. Notably, we reduce the need for time-consuming image segmentation by sequentially applying two noise-reducing, edge-preserving filters, and using an image-display transfer function that visualizes bioerosion, as well as Haversian and Volkmann canal structure and density in 3D. In doing so we are also able to visualize in 3D the invasion of canals by microbiota, which has previously only been reported in 2D sections. Unlike conventional thin sections, the 3D volume images shown here are easy to create and interpret, even for archaeologists inexperienced in histology, and readily facilitate the illustration and communication of microtaphonomic effects.
KW - Bioerosion
KW - Bone histology
KW - Diagenesis
KW - Histotaphonomy
KW - microCT
KW - Mortuary archaeology
KW - Taphonomy
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85135307476&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jas.2022.105646
DO - 10.1016/j.jas.2022.105646
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85135307476
SN - 0305-4403
VL - 145
JO - Journal of Archaeological Science
JF - Journal of Archaeological Science
M1 - 105646
ER -