Atmospheric new particle formation from the CERN CLOUD experiment

Jasper Kirkby; António Amorim; Urs Baltensperger; Kenneth S. Carslaw; Theodoros Christoudias; Joachim Curtius; Neil M. Donahue; Imad El Haddad; Richard C. Flagan; Hamish Gordon; Armin Hansel; Hartwig Harder; Heikki Junninen; Markku Kulmala; Andreas Kürten; Ari Laaksonen; Katrianne Lehtipalo; Jos Lelieveld; Ottmar Möhler; Ilona Riipinen; Frank Stratmann; Antonio Tomé; Annele Virtanen; Rainer Volkamer; Paul M. Winkler; Douglas R. Worsnop

doi:10.1038/s41561-023-01305-0

Atmospheric new particle formation from the CERN CLOUD experiment

Jasper Kirkby (Corresponding author)
, António Amorim
, Urs Baltensperger
, Kenneth S. Carslaw
, Theodoros Christoudias
, Joachim Curtius
, Neil M. Donahue
, Imad El Haddad
, Richard C. Flagan
, Hamish Gordon
, Armin Hansel
, Hartwig Harder
, Heikki Junninen
, Markku Kulmala
, Andreas Kürten
, Ari Laaksonen
, Katrianne Lehtipalo
, Jos Lelieveld
, Ottmar Möhler
, Ilona Riipinen

Frank Stratmann, Antonio Tomé, Annele Virtanen, Rainer Volkamer, Paul M. Winkler, Douglas R. Worsnop

Aerosol Physics and Environmental Physics

Publications: Contribution to journal › Article › Peer Reviewed

Abstract

Aerosol particles in the atmosphere profoundly influence public health and climate. Ultrafine particles enter the body through the lungs and can translocate to essentially all organs, and they represent a major yet poorly understood health risk. Human activities have considerably increased aerosols and cloudiness since preindustrial times, but they remain persistently uncertain and underrepresented in global climate models. Here we present a synthesis of the current understanding of atmospheric new particle formation derived from laboratory measurements at the CERN CLOUD chamber. Whereas the importance of sulfuric acid has long been recognized, condensable vapours such as highly oxygenated organics and iodine oxoacids also play key roles, together with stabilizers such as ammonia, amines and ions from galactic cosmic rays. We discuss how insights from CLOUD experiments are helping to interpret new particle formation in different atmospheric environments, and to provide a mechanistic foundation for air quality and climate models.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	948-957
Number of pages	10
Journal	Nature Geoscience
Volume	16
Issue number	11
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-023-01305-0
Publication status	Published - Nov 2023

Funding

We thank the many scientists who performed the CLOUD research reported here. We thank the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) for supporting CLOUD with important technical and financial resources and for providing a particle beam from the CERN Proton Synchrotron. We thank our research institutes, national funding agencies and the European Union for providing financial support for the CLOUD experiment. We gratefully acknowledge financial support from the following sources: the German Ministry of Science and Education (CLOUD-22, 01LK2201), ACCC Flagship programme of the Academy of Finland (grant nos. 337549 and 337550), the Academy of Finland (grant no. 336557), the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF grant no. 200021_213071), the Faculty of Physics at the University of Vienna, the University of Tartu (grant no. PRG714), Horizon 2020 (EMME-CARE, 857712), Horizon Europe MSCA-DN (CLOUD-DOC, 101073026), the NASA ROSES programme (grant no. 80NSSC19K0949) and the United States National Science Foundation (NSF grant nos. NSF-AGS-2215527, NSF-AGS-1602086, NSF-AGS-213208, NSF-AGS-2215489, NSF-AGS-2027252 and NSF-AGS-2215522). We thank the many scientists who performed the CLOUD research reported here. We thank the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) for supporting CLOUD with important technical and financial resources and for providing a particle beam from the CERN Proton Synchrotron. We thank our research institutes, national funding agencies and the European Union for providing financial support for the CLOUD experiment. We gratefully acknowledge financial support from the following sources: the German Ministry of Science and Education (CLOUD-22, 01LK2201), ACCC Flagship programme of the Academy of Finland (grant nos. 337549 and 337550), the Academy of Finland (grant no. 336557), the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF grant no. 200021_213071), the Faculty of Physics at the University of Vienna, the University of Tartu (grant no. PRG714), Horizon 2020 (EMME-CARE, 857712), Horizon Europe MSCA-DN (CLOUD-DOC, 101073026), the NASA ROSES programme (grant no. 80NSSC19K0949) and the United States National Science Foundation (NSF grant nos. NSF-AGS-2215527, NSF-AGS-1602086, NSF-AGS-213208, NSF-AGS-2215489, NSF-AGS-2027252 and NSF-AGS-2215522).

Austrian Fields of Science 2012

103039 Aerosol physics
103037 Environmental physics
105208 Atmospheric chemistry
104023 Environmental chemistry

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1038/s41561-023-01305-0

Cite this

Kirkby, J., Amorim, A., Baltensperger, U., Carslaw, K. S., Christoudias, T., Curtius, J., Donahue, N. M., Haddad, I. E., Flagan, R. C., Gordon, H., Hansel, A., Harder, H., Junninen, H., Kulmala, M., Kürten, A., Laaksonen, A., Lehtipalo, K., Lelieveld, J., Möhler, O., ... Worsnop, D. R. (2023). Atmospheric new particle formation from the CERN CLOUD experiment. Nature Geoscience, 16(11), 948-957. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-023-01305-0

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abstract = "Aerosol particles in the atmosphere profoundly influence public health and climate. Ultrafine particles enter the body through the lungs and can translocate to essentially all organs, and they represent a major yet poorly understood health risk. Human activities have considerably increased aerosols and cloudiness since preindustrial times, but they remain persistently uncertain and underrepresented in global climate models. Here we present a synthesis of the current understanding of atmospheric new particle formation derived from laboratory measurements at the CERN CLOUD chamber. Whereas the importance of sulfuric acid has long been recognized, condensable vapours such as highly oxygenated organics and iodine oxoacids also play key roles, together with stabilizers such as ammonia, amines and ions from galactic cosmic rays. We discuss how insights from CLOUD experiments are helping to interpret new particle formation in different atmospheric environments, and to provide a mechanistic foundation for air quality and climate models.",

author = "Jasper Kirkby and Ant{\'o}nio Amorim and Urs Baltensperger and Carslaw, \{Kenneth S.\} and Theodoros Christoudias and Joachim Curtius and Donahue, \{Neil M.\} and Haddad, \{Imad El\} and Flagan, \{Richard C.\} and Hamish Gordon and Armin Hansel and Hartwig Harder and Heikki Junninen and Markku Kulmala and Andreas K{\"u}rten and Ari Laaksonen and Katrianne Lehtipalo and Jos Lelieveld and Ottmar M{\"o}hler and Ilona Riipinen and Frank Stratmann and Antonio Tom{\'e} and Annele Virtanen and Rainer Volkamer and Winkler, \{Paul M.\} and Worsnop, \{Douglas R.\}",

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Kirkby, J, Amorim, A, Baltensperger, U, Carslaw, KS, Christoudias, T, Curtius, J, Donahue, NM, Haddad, IE, Flagan, RC, Gordon, H, Hansel, A, Harder, H, Junninen, H, Kulmala, M, Kürten, A, Laaksonen, A, Lehtipalo, K, Lelieveld, J, Möhler, O, Riipinen, I, Stratmann, F, Tomé, A, Virtanen, A, Volkamer, R, Winkler, PM & Worsnop, DR 2023, 'Atmospheric new particle formation from the CERN CLOUD experiment', Nature Geoscience, vol. 16, no. 11, pp. 948-957. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-023-01305-0

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AU - Kirkby, Jasper

AU - Amorim, António

AU - Baltensperger, Urs

AU - Carslaw, Kenneth S.

AU - Christoudias, Theodoros

AU - Curtius, Joachim

AU - Donahue, Neil M.

AU - Haddad, Imad El

AU - Flagan, Richard C.

AU - Gordon, Hamish

AU - Hansel, Armin

AU - Harder, Hartwig

AU - Junninen, Heikki

AU - Kulmala, Markku

AU - Kürten, Andreas

AU - Laaksonen, Ari

AU - Lehtipalo, Katrianne

AU - Lelieveld, Jos

AU - Möhler, Ottmar

AU - Riipinen, Ilona

AU - Stratmann, Frank

AU - Tomé, Antonio

AU - Virtanen, Annele

AU - Volkamer, Rainer

AU - Winkler, Paul M.

AU - Worsnop, Douglas R.

PY - 2023/11

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N2 - Aerosol particles in the atmosphere profoundly influence public health and climate. Ultrafine particles enter the body through the lungs and can translocate to essentially all organs, and they represent a major yet poorly understood health risk. Human activities have considerably increased aerosols and cloudiness since preindustrial times, but they remain persistently uncertain and underrepresented in global climate models. Here we present a synthesis of the current understanding of atmospheric new particle formation derived from laboratory measurements at the CERN CLOUD chamber. Whereas the importance of sulfuric acid has long been recognized, condensable vapours such as highly oxygenated organics and iodine oxoacids also play key roles, together with stabilizers such as ammonia, amines and ions from galactic cosmic rays. We discuss how insights from CLOUD experiments are helping to interpret new particle formation in different atmospheric environments, and to provide a mechanistic foundation for air quality and climate models.

AB - Aerosol particles in the atmosphere profoundly influence public health and climate. Ultrafine particles enter the body through the lungs and can translocate to essentially all organs, and they represent a major yet poorly understood health risk. Human activities have considerably increased aerosols and cloudiness since preindustrial times, but they remain persistently uncertain and underrepresented in global climate models. Here we present a synthesis of the current understanding of atmospheric new particle formation derived from laboratory measurements at the CERN CLOUD chamber. Whereas the importance of sulfuric acid has long been recognized, condensable vapours such as highly oxygenated organics and iodine oxoacids also play key roles, together with stabilizers such as ammonia, amines and ions from galactic cosmic rays. We discuss how insights from CLOUD experiments are helping to interpret new particle formation in different atmospheric environments, and to provide a mechanistic foundation for air quality and climate models.

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DO - 10.1038/s41561-023-01305-0

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SN - 1752-0894

VL - 16

SP - 948

EP - 957

JO - Nature Geoscience

JF - Nature Geoscience

IS - 11

ER -

Atmospheric new particle formation from the CERN CLOUD experiment

Abstract

Funding

Austrian Fields of Science 2012

UN SDGs

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CLOUD-DOC: CLOUD Doctoral Network

Cite this

Atmospheric new particle formation from the CERN CLOUD experiment

Abstract

Funding

Austrian Fields of Science 2012

UN SDGs

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Projects

CLOUD-DOC: CLOUD Doctoral Network

Cite this