Black liquor-based epoxy resin: Thermosets from untreated kraft lignin

Philip Verdross; Salomé Guinchard; Robert T. Woodward; Alexander Bismarck

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2023.145787

Black liquor-based epoxy resin: Thermosets from untreated kraft lignin

Philip Verdross, Salomé Guinchard, Robert T. Woodward (Corresponding author), Alexander Bismarck (Corresponding author)

Department of Materials Chemistry

Publications: Contribution to journal › Article › Peer Reviewed

Abstract

The production of thermosetting resins from lignin is a promising route to upcycle this biomaterial, currently overwhelmingly used as fuel. Raw kraft black liquor with no prior purification or treatment was derivatised using epichlorohydrin and an aniline catalyst to yield a black liquor-based epoxy resin (BLER). BLER is a liquid resin, which can be processed using conventional moulding techniques prior to curing into black liquor-based thermosets using maleic anhydride as hardener. We report the production of liquid lignin-based thermosets containing a biocarbon content of ∼ 16%. These thermosets possess Young's moduli and tensile strengths exceeding 1 GPa and 40 MPa, respectively. The chemical composition of the starting material and BLER were characterised, and the mechanisms of cure as well as the mechanical properties of lignin-based thermosets were determined.

Original language	English
Article number	145787
Journal	Chemical engineering journal
Volume	475
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2023.145787
Publication status	Published - 1 Nov 2023

Austrian Fields of Science 2012

104018 Polymer chemistry
103023 Polymer physics

Keywords

Biopolymer
Black Liquor
Epoxy Resin
Lignin
Thermoset
Upcycling

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10.1016/j.cej.2023.145787

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title = "Black liquor-based epoxy resin: Thermosets from untreated kraft lignin",

abstract = "The production of thermosetting resins from lignin is a promising route to upcycle this biomaterial, currently overwhelmingly used as fuel. Raw kraft black liquor with no prior purification or treatment was derivatised using epichlorohydrin and an aniline catalyst to yield a black liquor-based epoxy resin (BLER). BLER is a liquid resin, which can be processed using conventional moulding techniques prior to curing into black liquor-based thermosets using maleic anhydride as hardener. We report the production of liquid lignin-based thermosets containing a biocarbon content of ∼ 16%. These thermosets possess Young's moduli and tensile strengths exceeding 1 GPa and 40 MPa, respectively. The chemical composition of the starting material and BLER were characterised, and the mechanisms of cure as well as the mechanical properties of lignin-based thermosets were determined.",

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T1 - Black liquor-based epoxy resin: Thermosets from untreated kraft lignin

AU - Verdross, Philip

AU - Guinchard, Salomé

AU - Woodward, Robert T.

AU - Bismarck, Alexander

N1 - Accession Number: WOS:001081892300001

PY - 2023/11/1

Y1 - 2023/11/1

N2 - The production of thermosetting resins from lignin is a promising route to upcycle this biomaterial, currently overwhelmingly used as fuel. Raw kraft black liquor with no prior purification or treatment was derivatised using epichlorohydrin and an aniline catalyst to yield a black liquor-based epoxy resin (BLER). BLER is a liquid resin, which can be processed using conventional moulding techniques prior to curing into black liquor-based thermosets using maleic anhydride as hardener. We report the production of liquid lignin-based thermosets containing a biocarbon content of ∼ 16%. These thermosets possess Young's moduli and tensile strengths exceeding 1 GPa and 40 MPa, respectively. The chemical composition of the starting material and BLER were characterised, and the mechanisms of cure as well as the mechanical properties of lignin-based thermosets were determined.

AB - The production of thermosetting resins from lignin is a promising route to upcycle this biomaterial, currently overwhelmingly used as fuel. Raw kraft black liquor with no prior purification or treatment was derivatised using epichlorohydrin and an aniline catalyst to yield a black liquor-based epoxy resin (BLER). BLER is a liquid resin, which can be processed using conventional moulding techniques prior to curing into black liquor-based thermosets using maleic anhydride as hardener. We report the production of liquid lignin-based thermosets containing a biocarbon content of ∼ 16%. These thermosets possess Young's moduli and tensile strengths exceeding 1 GPa and 40 MPa, respectively. The chemical composition of the starting material and BLER were characterised, and the mechanisms of cure as well as the mechanical properties of lignin-based thermosets were determined.

KW - Biopolymer

KW - Black Liquor

KW - Epoxy Resin

KW - Lignin

KW - Thermoset

KW - Upcycling

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JO - Chemical engineering journal

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ER -

Black liquor-based epoxy resin: Thermosets from untreated kraft lignin

Abstract

Austrian Fields of Science 2012

Keywords

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