Conceptualization of the Reasoning-Test “Culture-referenced Pictographic Analogies”

In this paper a test is proposed which, following the well-known tests asking for lexical analogies, uses a non-verbal analogon with pictures of everyday objects. By this means one out of the six categories of reasoning tests as suggested by Kubinger (2023a) can be realized: the crystallized facet with figural contents. In two studies a first draft of such a test with 27 items has been psychometrically analyzed according to the Rasch model in two studies. Five items resulted as definitely not fitting the model. It is shown, retrospectively, that this is most likely caused by the items’ topics and contents: either they refer to highly specialized knowledge, measuring rather the level of general education than deductive thinking (reasoning) by using objects that are commonly present nowadays; or/and the items’ task does not focus on everyday objects’ common functions but is rather reduced to associating one object to another. As a consequence an operational definition is given of that ability which the items of a future test Culture-referenced Pictographic Analogies should measure.