Detecting and Resolving Coupling-Related Infrastructure as Code Based Architecture Smells in Microservice Deployments

Evangelos Ntentos; Uwe Zdun; Falazi Ghareeb; Uwe Breitenbücher; Frank Leymann

doi:10.1109/CLOUD60044.2023.00031

Detecting and Resolving Coupling-Related Infrastructure as Code Based Architecture Smells in Microservice Deployments

Evangelos Ntentos
, Uwe Zdun
, Falazi Ghareeb
, Uwe Breitenbücher
, Frank Leymann

Research Group Software Architecture

Publications: Contribution to book › Contribution to proceedings › Peer Reviewed

Abstract

The Infrastructure as Code (IaC) concept enables IT infrastructure to be managed as software: resources can be managed, monitored, and provisioned automatically instead of manually by developers or operations teams. Many industries have already embraced this concept widely. However, research on IaC-based deployments, particularly research focusing on loose coupling, often does not offer methods for evaluating architectural conformance, spotting architecture smells, and support for correcting the found smells. Our work strives to provide an automatic method for continuously developing microservice-based systems and the associated infrastructure. We aim to offer an automated architectural refactoring method that checks if IaC-based deployments adhere to patterns and best practices and do not contain potential architectural smells. We provide architects with viable options for enhancing architectural conformance during microservice development. In short, by continuously detecting architectural smells and suggesting possible fixes, we aim to support architecture evolution within the framework of continuous delivery practices. We evaluate our approach using three case studies and variants based on open-source microservice architectures.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	2023 IEEE 16th International Conference on Cloud Computing (CLOUD)
Subtitle of host publication	Proceedings
Editors	Claudio Ardagna, Nimanthi Atukorala, Pete Beckman, Carl K. Chang, Rong N. Chang, Constantinos Evangelinos, Jing Fan, Geoffrey C. Fox, Judy Fox, Christoph Hagleitner, Zhi Jin, Tevfik Kosar, Manish Parashar
Place of Publication	Piscataway, NJ
Publisher	IEEE
Pages	201-211
Number of pages	11
ISBN (Electronic)	979-8-3503-0481-7
ISBN (Print)	979-8-3503-0482-4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/CLOUD60044.2023.00031
Publication status	Published - 25 Sept 2023
Event	IEEE 16th International Conference on Cloud Computing - Chicago, United States Duration: 2 Jul 2023 → 8 Jul 2023 https://conferences.computer.org/cloud/2023/

Conference

Conference	IEEE 16th International Conference on Cloud Computing
Abbreviated title	CLOUD 2023
Country/Territory	United States
City	Chicago
Period	2/07/23 → 8/07/23
Internet address	https://conferences.computer.org/cloud/2023/

Austrian Fields of Science 2012

102022 Software development

Keywords

architecture smells
best practices
Infrastructure as code
metrics
modeling

Access to Document

10.1109/CLOUD60044.2023.00031

http://eprints.cs.univie.ac.at/7677/

Cite this

Ntentos, E., Zdun, U., Ghareeb, F., Breitenbücher, U., & Leymann, F. (2023). Detecting and Resolving Coupling-Related Infrastructure as Code Based Architecture Smells in Microservice Deployments. In C. Ardagna, N. Atukorala, P. Beckman, C. K. Chang, R. N. Chang, C. Evangelinos, J. Fan, G. C. Fox, J. Fox, C. Hagleitner, Z. Jin, T. Kosar, & M. Parashar (Eds.), 2023 IEEE 16th International Conference on Cloud Computing (CLOUD): Proceedings (pp. 201-211). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/CLOUD60044.2023.00031

Ntentos, Evangelos ; Zdun, Uwe ; Ghareeb, Falazi et al. / Detecting and Resolving Coupling-Related Infrastructure as Code Based Architecture Smells in Microservice Deployments. 2023 IEEE 16th International Conference on Cloud Computing (CLOUD): Proceedings. editor / Claudio Ardagna ; Nimanthi Atukorala ; Pete Beckman ; Carl K. Chang ; Rong N. Chang ; Constantinos Evangelinos ; Jing Fan ; Geoffrey C. Fox ; Judy Fox ; Christoph Hagleitner ; Zhi Jin ; Tevfik Kosar ; Manish Parashar. Piscataway, NJ : IEEE, 2023. pp. 201-211

@inproceedings{74e3a7f543df44349ed2e174c5cc7e73,

title = "Detecting and Resolving Coupling-Related Infrastructure as Code Based Architecture Smells in Microservice Deployments",

abstract = "The Infrastructure as Code (IaC) concept enables IT infrastructure to be managed as software: resources can be managed, monitored, and provisioned automatically instead of manually by developers or operations teams. Many industries have already embraced this concept widely. However, research on IaC-based deployments, particularly research focusing on loose coupling, often does not offer methods for evaluating architectural conformance, spotting architecture smells, and support for correcting the found smells. Our work strives to provide an automatic method for continuously developing microservice-based systems and the associated infrastructure. We aim to offer an automated architectural refactoring method that checks if IaC-based deployments adhere to patterns and best practices and do not contain potential architectural smells. We provide architects with viable options for enhancing architectural conformance during microservice development. In short, by continuously detecting architectural smells and suggesting possible fixes, we aim to support architecture evolution within the framework of continuous delivery practices. We evaluate our approach using three case studies and variants based on open-source microservice architectures.",

keywords = "architecture smells, best practices, Infrastructure as code, metrics, modeling",

author = "Evangelos Ntentos and Uwe Zdun and Falazi Ghareeb and Uwe Breitenb{\"u}cher and Frank Leymann",

year = "2023",

month = sep,

day = "25",

doi = "10.1109/CLOUD60044.2023.00031",

language = "English",

isbn = "979-8-3503-0482-4",

pages = "201--211",

editor = "Claudio Ardagna and Nimanthi Atukorala and Pete Beckman and Chang, \{Carl K.\} and Chang, \{Rong N.\} and Constantinos Evangelinos and Jing Fan and Fox, \{Geoffrey C.\} and Judy Fox and Christoph Hagleitner and Zhi Jin and Tevfik Kosar and Manish Parashar",

booktitle = "2023 IEEE 16th International Conference on Cloud Computing (CLOUD)",

publisher = "IEEE",

note = "IEEE 16th International Conference on Cloud Computing, CLOUD 2023 ; Conference date: 02-07-2023 Through 08-07-2023",

url = "https://conferences.computer.org/cloud/2023/",

}

Ntentos, E , Zdun, U, Ghareeb, F, Breitenbücher, U & Leymann, F 2023, Detecting and Resolving Coupling-Related Infrastructure as Code Based Architecture Smells in Microservice Deployments. in C Ardagna, N Atukorala, P Beckman, CK Chang, RN Chang, C Evangelinos, J Fan, GC Fox, J Fox, C Hagleitner, Z Jin, T Kosar & M Parashar (eds), 2023 IEEE 16th International Conference on Cloud Computing (CLOUD): Proceedings. IEEE, Piscataway, NJ, pp. 201-211, IEEE 16th International Conference on Cloud Computing, Chicago, United States, 2/07/23. https://doi.org/10.1109/CLOUD60044.2023.00031

Detecting and Resolving Coupling-Related Infrastructure as Code Based Architecture Smells in Microservice Deployments. / Ntentos, Evangelos ; Zdun, Uwe; Ghareeb, Falazi et al.
2023 IEEE 16th International Conference on Cloud Computing (CLOUD): Proceedings. ed. / Claudio Ardagna; Nimanthi Atukorala; Pete Beckman; Carl K. Chang; Rong N. Chang; Constantinos Evangelinos; Jing Fan; Geoffrey C. Fox; Judy Fox; Christoph Hagleitner; Zhi Jin; Tevfik Kosar; Manish Parashar. Piscataway, NJ: IEEE, 2023. p. 201-211.

Publications: Contribution to book › Contribution to proceedings › Peer Reviewed

TY - GEN

T1 - Detecting and Resolving Coupling-Related Infrastructure as Code Based Architecture Smells in Microservice Deployments

AU - Ntentos, Evangelos

AU - Zdun, Uwe

AU - Ghareeb, Falazi

AU - Breitenbücher, Uwe

AU - Leymann, Frank

PY - 2023/9/25

Y1 - 2023/9/25

N2 - The Infrastructure as Code (IaC) concept enables IT infrastructure to be managed as software: resources can be managed, monitored, and provisioned automatically instead of manually by developers or operations teams. Many industries have already embraced this concept widely. However, research on IaC-based deployments, particularly research focusing on loose coupling, often does not offer methods for evaluating architectural conformance, spotting architecture smells, and support for correcting the found smells. Our work strives to provide an automatic method for continuously developing microservice-based systems and the associated infrastructure. We aim to offer an automated architectural refactoring method that checks if IaC-based deployments adhere to patterns and best practices and do not contain potential architectural smells. We provide architects with viable options for enhancing architectural conformance during microservice development. In short, by continuously detecting architectural smells and suggesting possible fixes, we aim to support architecture evolution within the framework of continuous delivery practices. We evaluate our approach using three case studies and variants based on open-source microservice architectures.

AB - The Infrastructure as Code (IaC) concept enables IT infrastructure to be managed as software: resources can be managed, monitored, and provisioned automatically instead of manually by developers or operations teams. Many industries have already embraced this concept widely. However, research on IaC-based deployments, particularly research focusing on loose coupling, often does not offer methods for evaluating architectural conformance, spotting architecture smells, and support for correcting the found smells. Our work strives to provide an automatic method for continuously developing microservice-based systems and the associated infrastructure. We aim to offer an automated architectural refactoring method that checks if IaC-based deployments adhere to patterns and best practices and do not contain potential architectural smells. We provide architects with viable options for enhancing architectural conformance during microservice development. In short, by continuously detecting architectural smells and suggesting possible fixes, we aim to support architecture evolution within the framework of continuous delivery practices. We evaluate our approach using three case studies and variants based on open-source microservice architectures.

KW - architecture smells

KW - best practices

KW - Infrastructure as code

KW - metrics

KW - modeling

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85174302755

U2 - 10.1109/CLOUD60044.2023.00031

DO - 10.1109/CLOUD60044.2023.00031

M3 - Contribution to proceedings

SN - 979-8-3503-0482-4

SP - 201

EP - 211

BT - 2023 IEEE 16th International Conference on Cloud Computing (CLOUD)

A2 - Ardagna, Claudio

A2 - Atukorala, Nimanthi

A2 - Beckman, Pete

A2 - Chang, Carl K.

A2 - Chang, Rong N.

A2 - Evangelinos, Constantinos

A2 - Fan, Jing

A2 - Fox, Geoffrey C.

A2 - Fox, Judy

A2 - Hagleitner, Christoph

A2 - Jin, Zhi

A2 - Kosar, Tevfik

A2 - Parashar, Manish

PB - IEEE

CY - Piscataway, NJ

T2 - IEEE 16th International Conference on Cloud Computing

Y2 - 2 July 2023 through 8 July 2023

ER -

Ntentos E , Zdun U, Ghareeb F, Breitenbücher U, Leymann F. Detecting and Resolving Coupling-Related Infrastructure as Code Based Architecture Smells in Microservice Deployments. In Ardagna C, Atukorala N, Beckman P, Chang CK, Chang RN, Evangelinos C, Fan J, Fox GC, Fox J, Hagleitner C, Jin Z, Kosar T, Parashar M, editors, 2023 IEEE 16th International Conference on Cloud Computing (CLOUD): Proceedings. Piscataway, NJ: IEEE. 2023. p. 201-211 doi: 10.1109/CLOUD60044.2023.00031

Detecting and Resolving Coupling-Related Infrastructure as Code Based Architecture Smells in Microservice Deployments

Abstract

Conference

Austrian Fields of Science 2012

Keywords

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

IAC2: Infrastructure-as-code Architecture Decision Compliance