Entanglement distribution over a 96-km-long submarine optical fiber

Funding

aInstitute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information–Vienna, Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1090 Vienna, Austria; bVienna Center for Quantum Science and Technology, 1090 Vienna, Austria; cQuantum Engineering Technology Labs, H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory, Bristol BS8 1FD, United Kingdom; dDepartment of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1UB, United Kingdom; eFraunhofer Institute for Applied Optics and Precision Engineering IOF Jena, 07745 Jena, Germany; fAbbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07745 Jena, Germany; gDepartment of Applied Physics, Royal Institute of Technology, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden; hSingle Quantum B.V., 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands; iIstituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, 10135 Turin, Italy; jEuropean Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy (LENS), 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; kDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; lConsiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 00185 Rome, Italy; mCenter for Digital Safety & Security, Austrian Institute of Technology, 1210 Vienna, Austria; nCollege of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China; oQuantum Optics, Quantum Nanophysics and Quantum Information, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; and pDepartment of Physics, University of Malta, Msida MSD 2080, Malta for programming a user interface for our motorized rotation stages; and Lukas Bulla, Matthias Fink, Rosario Giordanella, Johannes Kofler, Evelyn Aracely Acuña Ortega, Aron Szabo, Leah Paula Vella, and Ryan Vella for helpful discussions and technical assistance. We acknowledge the financial assistance of the University of Malta Research, Innovation & Development Trust. V.Z. acknowledges funding from European Research Council Grant 307687 (Nanodevices for Quantum Optics) and Swedish Research Council Grant 638-2013-7152. Financial support was also provided by the Linnaeus Center in Advanced Optics and Photonics. Financial support from following sources is acknowledged: Austrian Research Promotion Agency (FFG) Agentur für Luft-und Raumfahrt (FFG-ALR) Contract 844360 and the Austrian Science and Applications Programme (FFG/ASAP) Contract 6238191/854022, European Space Agency Contract 4000112591/14/NL/US, Austrian Science Fund Grant P24621-N27 and START Project Y879-N27, and the Austrian Academy of Sciences. We acknowledge the use of imagery from the NASA Worldview application (https://worldview.earthdata.nasa.gov/), part of the NASA Earth Observing System Data and Information System (EOSDIS).