Gaia Data Release 3: Stellar multiplicity, a teaser for the hidden treasure

Gaia Collaboration

doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243782

Gaia Data Release 3: Stellar multiplicity, a teaser for the hidden treasure

Gaia Collaboration

Department of Astrophysics

Publications: Contribution to journal › Article › Peer Reviewed

Abstract

Context. The Gaia DR3 catalogue contains, for the first time, about 800 000 solutions with either orbital elements or trend parameters for astrometric, spectroscopic, and eclipsing binaries, and combinations of these three. Aims. With this paper, we aim to illustrate the huge potential of this large non-single-star catalogue. Methods. Using the orbital solutions and models of the binaries, we have built a catalogue of tens of thousands of stellar masses or lower limits thereof, some with consistent flux ratios. Properties concerning the completeness of the binary catalogues are discussed, statistical features of the orbital elements are explained, and a comparison with other catalogues is performed. Results. Illustrative applications are proposed for binaries across the Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram (HRD). Binarity is studied in the giant branch and a search for genuine spectroscopic binaries among long-period variables is performed. The discovery of new EL CVn systems illustrates the potential of combining variability and binarity catalogues. Potential compact object companions are presented, mainly white dwarf companions or double degenerates, but one candidate neutron star is also found. Towards the bottom of the main sequence, the orbits of previously suspected binary ultracool dwarfs are determined and new candidate binaries are discovered. The long awaited contribution of Gaia to the analysis of the substellar regime shows the brown dwarf desert around solar-type stars using true rather than minimum masses, and provides new important constraints on the occurrence rates of substellar companions to M dwarfs. Several dozen new exoplanets are proposed, including two with validated orbital solutions and one super-Jupiter orbiting a white dwarf, all being candidates requiring confirmation. Besides binarity, higher order multiple systems are also found. Conclusions. By increasing the number of known binary orbits by more than one order of magnitude, Gaia DR3 will provide a rich reservoir of dynamical masses and an important contribution to the analysis of stellar multiplicity.

Original language	English
Article number	A34
Number of pages	58
Journal	Astronomy & Astrophysics
Volume	674
Early online date	16 Jun 2023
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202243782
Publication status	Published - Jun 2023

Funding

This work is dedicated to the memory of our late colleague Dimitri Pourbaix who suggested the title of this article. He had been for many years leader of the Gaia CU4 Coordination Unit and passed away before seeing the Gaia DR3 NSS outcome. This catalogue will remain in a large part the testimony of his involvement. We would like to thank the referee Andrei Tokovinin, and the DPAC reporter, Lennart Lindegren, for their useful suggestions. This work presents results from the European Space Agency (ESA) space mission Gaia. Gaia data are being processed by the Gaia Data Processing and Analysis Consortium (DPAC). Funding for the DPAC is provided by national institutions, in particular the institutions participating in the Gaia MultiLateral Agreement (MLA). The Gaia mission website is https://www.cosmos.esa.int/gaia . The Gaia archive website is https://archives.esac.esa.int/gaia . Further acknowledgements are given in Appendix A. This publication has also made use of observations collected with the SOPHIE spectrograph on the 1.93-m telescope at Observatoire de Haute-Provence (CNRS), France (program 21B.PNPS.AREN) using support by the French Programme National de Physique Stellaire (PNPS). We thank all the staff of Haute-Provence Observatory for their support at the 1.93 m telescope and on SOPHIE. Observations have also been obtained with the Mercator Telescope and the HERMES spectrograph, which is supported by the Research Foundation \u2013 Flanders (FWO), Belgium, the Research Council of KULeuven, Belgium, the Fonds National de la Recherche Scientifique (F.R.S.-FNRS), Belgium, the Royal Observatory of Belgium, the Observatoire de Gen\u00E8ve, Switzerland and the Th\u00FCringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg, Germany. This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement No. [951549]). Ts.M. research was supported by Grant No. 2016069 of the United States-Israel Binational Science Foundation (BSF) and by Grant No. I-1498-303.7/2019 of the German-Israeli Foundation for Scientific Research and Development (GIF). The full acknowledgements are available in Appendix A. This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement No. [951549]).

Austrian Fields of Science 2012

103004 Astrophysics

Keywords

Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Stars: fundamental parameters
Binaries: general
Catalogs
White dwarfs
Astrometry
Planetary systems

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10.1051/0004-6361/202243782Licence: CC BY 4.0

http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2022arXiv220605595G

Cite this

@article{c3e936fbd26b4b068c8e88e86d488d92,

title = "Gaia Data Release 3: Stellar multiplicity, a teaser for the hidden treasure",

abstract = "Context. The Gaia DR3 catalogue contains, for the first time, about 800 000 solutions with either orbital elements or trend parameters for astrometric, spectroscopic, and eclipsing binaries, and combinations of these three. Aims. With this paper, we aim to illustrate the huge potential of this large non-single-star catalogue. Methods. Using the orbital solutions and models of the binaries, we have built a catalogue of tens of thousands of stellar masses or lower limits thereof, some with consistent flux ratios. Properties concerning the completeness of the binary catalogues are discussed, statistical features of the orbital elements are explained, and a comparison with other catalogues is performed. Results. Illustrative applications are proposed for binaries across the Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram (HRD). Binarity is studied in the giant branch and a search for genuine spectroscopic binaries among long-period variables is performed. The discovery of new EL CVn systems illustrates the potential of combining variability and binarity catalogues. Potential compact object companions are presented, mainly white dwarf companions or double degenerates, but one candidate neutron star is also found. Towards the bottom of the main sequence, the orbits of previously suspected binary ultracool dwarfs are determined and new candidate binaries are discovered. The long awaited contribution of Gaia to the analysis of the substellar regime shows the brown dwarf desert around solar-type stars using true rather than minimum masses, and provides new important constraints on the occurrence rates of substellar companions to M dwarfs. Several dozen new exoplanets are proposed, including two with validated orbital solutions and one super-Jupiter orbiting a white dwarf, all being candidates requiring confirmation. Besides binarity, higher order multiple systems are also found. Conclusions. By increasing the number of known binary orbits by more than one order of magnitude, Gaia DR3 will provide a rich reservoir of dynamical masses and an important contribution to the analysis of stellar multiplicity.",

keywords = "Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Stars: fundamental parameters, Binaries: general, Catalogs, White dwarfs, Astrometry, Planetary systems",

author = "\{Gaia Collaboration\} and \{Gaia Collaboration\} and F. Arenou and C. Babusiaux and Barstow, \{M. A.\} and S. Faigler and A. Jorissen and P. Kervella and T. Mazeh and N. Mowlavi and P. Panuzzo and J. Sahlmann and S. Shahaf and A. Sozzetti and N. Bauchet and Y. Damerdji and P. Gavras and P. Giacobbe and E. Gosset and J.-L. Halbwachs and B. Holl and Lattanzi, \{M. G.\} and N. Leclerc and T. Morel and D. Pourbaix and \{Re Fiorentin\}, P. and G. Sadowski and D. S{\'e}gransan and Brown, \{A. G. A.\} and M. Altmann and D. Hestroffer and M. Smith and P. {\'A}brah{\'a}m and C. Aerts and J. Alves and F. Anders and P. Charlot and M. Crosta and M. Hauser and T. Lebzelter and Mann, \{R. G.\} and L. Moln{\'a}r and Richards, \{P. J.\} and A. Riva and H.-W. Rix and Schultheis, \{M. S.\} and J. Souchay and L. Szabados and Taylor, \{M. B.\} and N. Unger and M. Weiler",

note = "{\textcopyright} The Authors 2023",

year = "2023",

month = jun,

doi = "10.1051/0004-6361/202243782",

language = "English",

volume = "674",

journal = "Astronomy \& Astrophysics",

issn = "0004-6361",

publisher = "EDP SCIENCES S A",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Gaia Data Release 3

T2 - Stellar multiplicity, a teaser for the hidden treasure

AU - Gaia Collaboration

AU - Gaia Collaboration, null

AU - Arenou, F.

AU - Babusiaux, C.

AU - Barstow, M. A.

AU - Faigler, S.

AU - Jorissen, A.

AU - Kervella, P.

AU - Mazeh, T.

AU - Mowlavi, N.

AU - Panuzzo, P.

AU - Sahlmann, J.

AU - Shahaf, S.

AU - Sozzetti, A.

AU - Bauchet, N.

AU - Damerdji, Y.

AU - Gavras, P.

AU - Giacobbe, P.

AU - Gosset, E.

AU - Halbwachs, J.-L.

AU - Holl, B.

AU - Lattanzi, M. G.

AU - Leclerc, N.

AU - Morel, T.

AU - Pourbaix, D.

AU - Re Fiorentin, P.

AU - Sadowski, G.

AU - Ségransan, D.

AU - Brown, A. G. A.

AU - Altmann, M.

AU - Hestroffer, D.

AU - Smith, M.

AU - Ábrahám, P.

AU - Aerts, C.

AU - Alves, J.

AU - Anders, F.

AU - Charlot, P.

AU - Crosta, M.

AU - Hauser, M.

AU - Lebzelter, T.

AU - Mann, R. G.

AU - Molnár, L.

AU - Richards, P. J.

AU - Riva, A.

AU - Rix, H.-W.

AU - Schultheis, M. S.

AU - Souchay, J.

AU - Szabados, L.

AU - Taylor, M. B.

AU - Unger, N.

AU - Weiler, M.

PY - 2023/6

Y1 - 2023/6

N2 - Context. The Gaia DR3 catalogue contains, for the first time, about 800 000 solutions with either orbital elements or trend parameters for astrometric, spectroscopic, and eclipsing binaries, and combinations of these three. Aims. With this paper, we aim to illustrate the huge potential of this large non-single-star catalogue. Methods. Using the orbital solutions and models of the binaries, we have built a catalogue of tens of thousands of stellar masses or lower limits thereof, some with consistent flux ratios. Properties concerning the completeness of the binary catalogues are discussed, statistical features of the orbital elements are explained, and a comparison with other catalogues is performed. Results. Illustrative applications are proposed for binaries across the Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram (HRD). Binarity is studied in the giant branch and a search for genuine spectroscopic binaries among long-period variables is performed. The discovery of new EL CVn systems illustrates the potential of combining variability and binarity catalogues. Potential compact object companions are presented, mainly white dwarf companions or double degenerates, but one candidate neutron star is also found. Towards the bottom of the main sequence, the orbits of previously suspected binary ultracool dwarfs are determined and new candidate binaries are discovered. The long awaited contribution of Gaia to the analysis of the substellar regime shows the brown dwarf desert around solar-type stars using true rather than minimum masses, and provides new important constraints on the occurrence rates of substellar companions to M dwarfs. Several dozen new exoplanets are proposed, including two with validated orbital solutions and one super-Jupiter orbiting a white dwarf, all being candidates requiring confirmation. Besides binarity, higher order multiple systems are also found. Conclusions. By increasing the number of known binary orbits by more than one order of magnitude, Gaia DR3 will provide a rich reservoir of dynamical masses and an important contribution to the analysis of stellar multiplicity.

AB - Context. The Gaia DR3 catalogue contains, for the first time, about 800 000 solutions with either orbital elements or trend parameters for astrometric, spectroscopic, and eclipsing binaries, and combinations of these three. Aims. With this paper, we aim to illustrate the huge potential of this large non-single-star catalogue. Methods. Using the orbital solutions and models of the binaries, we have built a catalogue of tens of thousands of stellar masses or lower limits thereof, some with consistent flux ratios. Properties concerning the completeness of the binary catalogues are discussed, statistical features of the orbital elements are explained, and a comparison with other catalogues is performed. Results. Illustrative applications are proposed for binaries across the Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram (HRD). Binarity is studied in the giant branch and a search for genuine spectroscopic binaries among long-period variables is performed. The discovery of new EL CVn systems illustrates the potential of combining variability and binarity catalogues. Potential compact object companions are presented, mainly white dwarf companions or double degenerates, but one candidate neutron star is also found. Towards the bottom of the main sequence, the orbits of previously suspected binary ultracool dwarfs are determined and new candidate binaries are discovered. The long awaited contribution of Gaia to the analysis of the substellar regime shows the brown dwarf desert around solar-type stars using true rather than minimum masses, and provides new important constraints on the occurrence rates of substellar companions to M dwarfs. Several dozen new exoplanets are proposed, including two with validated orbital solutions and one super-Jupiter orbiting a white dwarf, all being candidates requiring confirmation. Besides binarity, higher order multiple systems are also found. Conclusions. By increasing the number of known binary orbits by more than one order of magnitude, Gaia DR3 will provide a rich reservoir of dynamical masses and an important contribution to the analysis of stellar multiplicity.

KW - Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics

KW - Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics

KW - Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies

KW - Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics

KW - Stars: fundamental parameters

KW - Binaries: general

KW - Catalogs

KW - White dwarfs

KW - Astrometry

KW - Planetary systems

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85163603964

U2 - 10.1051/0004-6361/202243782

DO - 10.1051/0004-6361/202243782

M3 - Article

SN - 0004-6361

VL - 674

JO - Astronomy & Astrophysics

JF - Astronomy & Astrophysics

M1 - A34

ER -

Gaia Data Release 3: Stellar multiplicity, a teaser for the hidden treasure

Abstract

Funding

Austrian Fields of Science 2012

Keywords

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