TY - JOUR
T1 - Gut microbiota, dietary taurine, and fiber shift taurine homeostasis in adipose tissue of calorie-restricted mice to impact fat loss
AU - Sarra, Filomena
AU - Paocic, Daniela
AU - Zöchling, Andrea
AU - Gregor, András
AU - Auñon-Lopez, Arturo
AU - Pignitter, Marc
AU - Duszka, Kalina
N1 - Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Accession Number
WOS:001316904800001
PubMed ID
39103106
PY - 2024/12
Y1 - 2024/12
N2 - Previously, we demonstrated that caloric restriction (CR) stimulates the synthesis, conjugation, secretion, and deconjugation of taurine and bile acids in the intestine, as well as their reuptake. Given taurine's potent antiobesogenic properties, this study aimed to assess whether the CR-induced shift in taurine homeostasis contributes to adipose tissue loss. To verify that, male C57Bl/6 mice were subjected to 20% CR or ad libitum feeding, with variations in cage bedding and gut microbiota conditions. Additional groups received taurine supplementation or were fed a low-taurine diet (LTD). The results showed that in CR animals, taurine derived from the intestine was preferentially trafficked to epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT) over other tested organs. Besides increased levels of taurine transporter TauT, gene expression of Cysteine dioxygenase (Cdo) involved in taurine synthesis was upregulated in CR eWAT. Taurine concentration in adipocytes was inversely correlated with fat pad weight of CR mice. Different types of cage bedding did not impact eWAT taurine levels; however, the lack of bedding and consumption of a diet high in soluble fiber did. Depleting gut microbiota with antibiotics or inhibiting bile salt hydrolase (BSH) activity reduced WAT taurine concentration in CR mice. Taurine supplementation increased taurine levels in WAT and brown adipose tissue (BAT), promoting fat loss in CR animals. LTD consumption blunted WAT loss in CR animals, with negligible impact on BAT. This study provides multiple insights into taurine's role in CR-triggered fat loss and describes a novel communication path between the liver, gut, microbiota, and WAT, with taurine acting as a messenger.
AB - Previously, we demonstrated that caloric restriction (CR) stimulates the synthesis, conjugation, secretion, and deconjugation of taurine and bile acids in the intestine, as well as their reuptake. Given taurine's potent antiobesogenic properties, this study aimed to assess whether the CR-induced shift in taurine homeostasis contributes to adipose tissue loss. To verify that, male C57Bl/6 mice were subjected to 20% CR or ad libitum feeding, with variations in cage bedding and gut microbiota conditions. Additional groups received taurine supplementation or were fed a low-taurine diet (LTD). The results showed that in CR animals, taurine derived from the intestine was preferentially trafficked to epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT) over other tested organs. Besides increased levels of taurine transporter TauT, gene expression of Cysteine dioxygenase (Cdo) involved in taurine synthesis was upregulated in CR eWAT. Taurine concentration in adipocytes was inversely correlated with fat pad weight of CR mice. Different types of cage bedding did not impact eWAT taurine levels; however, the lack of bedding and consumption of a diet high in soluble fiber did. Depleting gut microbiota with antibiotics or inhibiting bile salt hydrolase (BSH) activity reduced WAT taurine concentration in CR mice. Taurine supplementation increased taurine levels in WAT and brown adipose tissue (BAT), promoting fat loss in CR animals. LTD consumption blunted WAT loss in CR animals, with negligible impact on BAT. This study provides multiple insights into taurine's role in CR-triggered fat loss and describes a novel communication path between the liver, gut, microbiota, and WAT, with taurine acting as a messenger.
KW - Adipose tissue
KW - Bile salt hydrolase
KW - Caloric restriction
KW - Gut microbiota
KW - Publication fiber
KW - Taurine
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85202589048&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109720
DO - 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109720
M3 - Article
C2 - 39103106
VL - 134
JO - The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry
JF - The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry
SN - 0955-2863
M1 - 109720
ER -