Interfacial behavior between atmospheric-plasma-fluorinated carbon fibers and poly(vinylidene fluoride)

Kingsley K.C. Ho; Steven Lamoriniere; Gerhard Kalinka; Eckhard Schulz; Alexander Bismarck

doi:10.1016/j.jcis.2007.04.076

Interfacial behavior between atmospheric-plasma-fluorinated carbon fibers and poly(vinylidene fluoride)

Kingsley K.C. Ho, Steven Lamoriniere, Gerhard Kalinka, Eckhard Schulz, Alexander Bismarck (Corresponding author)

Publications: Contribution to journal › Article › Peer Reviewed

Abstract

Atmospheric-plasma fluorination was used to introduce fluorine functionalities onto the surface of carbon fibers without affecting their bulk properties. The interfacial adhesion between atmospheric-plasma-fluorinated carbon fibers and poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) was studied by means of direct wetting measurements and single fiber pullout tests. Measured contact angles of PVDF melt droplets on modified carbon fibers show that short exposure times of carbon fibers to atmospheric-plasma fluorination (corresponding to a degree of surface fluorination of F/C = 0.01 (1.1%)) leads to improved wettability of the fibers by PVDF melts. The apparent interfacial shear strength as a measure of practical adhesion, determined by the single-fiber pullout test, increases by 65% under optimal treatment conditions. The improved practical adhesion is not due to the formation of transcrystalline regions around the fibers or a change of the bulk matrix crystallinity or to an increased surface roughness; it seems to be due to the compatibilization of the interface caused of the atmospheric-plasma fluorination of the carbon fibers.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	476-484
Number of pages	9
Journal	Journal of Colloid and Interface Science
Volume	313
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2007.04.076
Publication status	Published - 15 Sept 2007
Externally published	Yes

Funding

We gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the Engineering and Physical Science Research Council (EPSRC), UK (Grant Award GR/S75673/01). Furthermore, we thank Martina Bristritz (BAM Berlin) for her guidance and practical advice in conducting the single-fiber pullout test and for taking the SEM images. We also thank Michael Q. Tran (PaCE, Imperial College London) for his help in determining the impact of the APF on the PVDF crystallinity.

Austrian Fields of Science 2012

104017 Physical chemistry
205019 Material sciences
104019 Polymer sciences

Keywords

Adhesion
Carbon fibers
Contact angle
Fiber properties
Fluorination
Interface
Surface area

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10.1016/j.jcis.2007.04.076

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abstract = "Atmospheric-plasma fluorination was used to introduce fluorine functionalities onto the surface of carbon fibers without affecting their bulk properties. The interfacial adhesion between atmospheric-plasma-fluorinated carbon fibers and poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) was studied by means of direct wetting measurements and single fiber pullout tests. Measured contact angles of PVDF melt droplets on modified carbon fibers show that short exposure times of carbon fibers to atmospheric-plasma fluorination (corresponding to a degree of surface fluorination of F/C = 0.01 (1.1\%)) leads to improved wettability of the fibers by PVDF melts. The apparent interfacial shear strength as a measure of practical adhesion, determined by the single-fiber pullout test, increases by 65\% under optimal treatment conditions. The improved practical adhesion is not due to the formation of transcrystalline regions around the fibers or a change of the bulk matrix crystallinity or to an increased surface roughness; it seems to be due to the compatibilization of the interface caused of the atmospheric-plasma fluorination of the carbon fibers.",

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AU - Ho, Kingsley K.C.

AU - Lamoriniere, Steven

AU - Kalinka, Gerhard

AU - Schulz, Eckhard

AU - Bismarck, Alexander

N1 - Accession Number: WOS:000248766000013 PubMed ID: 17583722

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N2 - Atmospheric-plasma fluorination was used to introduce fluorine functionalities onto the surface of carbon fibers without affecting their bulk properties. The interfacial adhesion between atmospheric-plasma-fluorinated carbon fibers and poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) was studied by means of direct wetting measurements and single fiber pullout tests. Measured contact angles of PVDF melt droplets on modified carbon fibers show that short exposure times of carbon fibers to atmospheric-plasma fluorination (corresponding to a degree of surface fluorination of F/C = 0.01 (1.1%)) leads to improved wettability of the fibers by PVDF melts. The apparent interfacial shear strength as a measure of practical adhesion, determined by the single-fiber pullout test, increases by 65% under optimal treatment conditions. The improved practical adhesion is not due to the formation of transcrystalline regions around the fibers or a change of the bulk matrix crystallinity or to an increased surface roughness; it seems to be due to the compatibilization of the interface caused of the atmospheric-plasma fluorination of the carbon fibers.

AB - Atmospheric-plasma fluorination was used to introduce fluorine functionalities onto the surface of carbon fibers without affecting their bulk properties. The interfacial adhesion between atmospheric-plasma-fluorinated carbon fibers and poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) was studied by means of direct wetting measurements and single fiber pullout tests. Measured contact angles of PVDF melt droplets on modified carbon fibers show that short exposure times of carbon fibers to atmospheric-plasma fluorination (corresponding to a degree of surface fluorination of F/C = 0.01 (1.1%)) leads to improved wettability of the fibers by PVDF melts. The apparent interfacial shear strength as a measure of practical adhesion, determined by the single-fiber pullout test, increases by 65% under optimal treatment conditions. The improved practical adhesion is not due to the formation of transcrystalline regions around the fibers or a change of the bulk matrix crystallinity or to an increased surface roughness; it seems to be due to the compatibilization of the interface caused of the atmospheric-plasma fluorination of the carbon fibers.

KW - Adhesion

KW - Carbon fibers

KW - Contact angle

KW - Fiber properties

KW - Fluorination

KW - Interface

KW - Surface area

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Interfacial behavior between atmospheric-plasma-fluorinated carbon fibers and poly(vinylidene fluoride)

Abstract

Funding

Austrian Fields of Science 2012

Keywords

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