JWST Observations of Young protoStars (JOYS) Linked accretion and ejection in a Class I protobinary system

Łukasz Tychoniec; Martijn L. van Gelder; Ewine F. van Dishoeck; Logan Francis; Will R.M. Rocha; Alessio Caratti O. Garatti; Henrik Beuther; Caroline Gieser; Kay Justtanont; Harold Linnartz; Valentin J.M. Le Gouellec; Giulia Perotti; Rangaswamy Devaraj; Benoît Tabone; Thomas P. Ray; Nashanty G.C. Brunken; Yuan Chen; Patrick J. Kavanagh; Pamela Klaassen; Katerina Slavicinska; Manuel Güdel; Goran Östlin

doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202348889

JWST Observations of Young protoStars (JOYS) Linked accretion and ejection in a Class I protobinary system

Łukasz Tychoniec
, Martijn L. van Gelder
, Ewine F. van Dishoeck
, Logan Francis
, Will R.M. Rocha
, Alessio Caratti O. Garatti
, Henrik Beuther
, Caroline Gieser
, Kay Justtanont
, Harold Linnartz
, Valentin J.M. Le Gouellec
, Giulia Perotti
, Rangaswamy Devaraj
, Benoît Tabone
, Thomas P. Ray
, Nashanty G.C. Brunken
, Yuan Chen
, Patrick J. Kavanagh
, Pamela Klaassen
, Katerina Slavicinska

Manuel Güdel, Goran Östlin

Department of Astrophysics

Publications: Contribution to journal › Article › Peer Reviewed

Abstract

Context. Accretion and ejection dictate the outcomes of star and planet formation processes. The mid-infrared (MIR) wavelength range offers key tracers of processes that have been difficult to detect and spatially resolve in protostars until now. Aims. We aim to characterize the interplay between accretion and ejection in the low-mass Class I protobinary system TMC1, comprising two young stellar objects: TMC1-W and TMC1-E at a 85 au separation. Methods. Using the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI) observations in 5–28 µm range, we measured the intensities of emission lines of H₂, atoms, and ions, for instance, the [Fe II] and [Ne II], and HI recombination lines. We analyzed the spatial distribution of the different species using the MIRI Medium Resolution Spectrometer (MRS) capabilities to spatially resolve emission at 0^'.́2–0^'.́7 scales. we compared these results with the corresponding Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) maps tracing cold gas and dust. Results. We detected H₂ outflow coming from TMC1-E, with no significant H₂ emission from TMC1-W. The H₂ emission from TMC1-E outflow appears narrow and extends to wider opening angles with decreasing E_up from S(8) to S(1) rotational transitions, indicating the disk wind as its origin. The outflow from TMC1-E protostar shows spatially extended emission lines of [Ne II], [Ne III], [Ar II], and [Ar III], with their line ratios consistent with UV radiation as a source of ionization. With ALMA, we detected an accretion streamer infalling from >1000 au scales onto the TMC1-E component. The TMC1-W protostar powers a collimated jet, detected with [Fe II] and [Ni II], making it consistent with energetic flow. A much weaker ionized jet is observed from TMC1-E, and both jets appear strikingly parallel to each other, indicating that the disks are co-planar. TMC1-W is associated with strong emission from hydrogen recombination lines, tracing the accretion onto the young star. Conclusions. MIRI-MRS observations provide an unprecedented view of protostellar accretion and ejection processes on 20 au scales. Observations of a binary Class I protostellar system show that the two processes are clearly intertwined, with accretion from the envelope onto the disk influencing a wide-angle wind ejected on disk scales. Finally, the accretion from the protostellar disk onto the protostar is associated with the source launching a collimated high-velocity jet within the innermost regions of the disk.

Original language	English
Article number	A36
Number of pages	17
Journal	Astronomy and Astrophysics
Volume	687
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202348889
Publication status	Published - Jul 2024

Funding

Authors would like to thank the referee for helpful suggestions that improved the clarity of the paper. \u0141.T. would like to thank Rajika Kuruwita, Aashish Gupta, and Ugo Lebreuilly for helpful discussions and Marta Tychoniec for contributing to Fig. 9. This work is based on observations made with the NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Space Telescope. The data were obtained from the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-03127 for JWST. These observations are associated with program #1290. The following National and International Funding Agencies funded and supported the MIRI development: NASA; ESA; Belgian Science Policy Office (BELSPO); Centre Nationale d\u2019Etudes Spatiales (CNES); Danish National Space Centre; Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR); Enterprise Ireland; Ministerio De Economi\u00E1 y Competividad; Netherlands Research School for Astronomy (NOVA); Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO); Science and Technology Facilities Council; Swiss Space Office; Swedish National Space Agency; and UK Space Agency. H.B. acknowledges support from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft in the Collaborative Research Center (SFB 881) \u201CThe Milky Way System\u201D (subproject B1). EvD, MvG, LF, KS, WR and HL acknowledge support from ERC Advanced grant 101019751 MOLDISK, TOP-1 grant 614.001.751 from the Dutch Research Council (NWO), the Netherlands Research School for Astronomy (NOVA), the Danish National Research Foundation through the Center of Excellence \u201CInterCat\u201D (DNRF150), and DFGgrant 325594231, FOR 2634/2. P.J.K. acknowledges financial support from the Science Foundation Ireland/Irish Research Council Pathway programme under Grant Number 21/PATH-S/9360. A.C.G. has been supported by PRIN-INAF MAIN-STREAM 2017 \u201CProtoplanetary disks seen through the eyes of new generation instruments\u201D and from PRIN-INAF 2019 \u201CSpectroscopically tracing the disk dispersal evolution (STRADE)\u201D. K.J. acknowledges the support from the Swedish National Space Agency (SNSA). G.P. gratefully acknowledges support from the Max Planck Society. This paper makes use of the following ALMA data: ADS/JAO.ALMA# 2017.1.01350.S, ADS/JAO.ALMA# 2017.1.01413.S. ALMA is a partnership of ESO (representing its member states), NSF (USA) and NINS (Japan), together with NRC (Canada), MOST and ASIAA (Taiwan), and KASI (Republic of Korea), in co-operation with the Republic of Chile. The Joint ALMA Observatory is operated by ESO, AUI/NRAO and NAOJ. Astrochemistry in Leiden is supported by the Netherlands Research School for Astronomy (NOVA). This research has made use of NASA\u2019s Astrophysics Data System Bibliographic Services. This research made use of NumPy (Harris et al. 2020); Astropy, a community-developed core Python package for Astronomy (Astropy Collaboration 2013, 2018); Matplotlib (Hunter 2007); pdrtpy (Kaufman et al. 2006; Pound & Wolfire 2008, 2011, 2023)

Austrian Fields of Science 2012

103003 Astronomy
103004 Astrophysics

Keywords

accretion, accretion disks
infrared: ISM
ISM: jets and outflows
stars: low-mass
stars: protostars
techniques: spectroscopic

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Cite this

Tychoniec, Ł., van Gelder, M. L., van Dishoeck, E. F., Francis, L., Rocha, W. R. M., Garatti, A. C. O., Beuther, H., Gieser, C., Justtanont, K., Linnartz, H., Le Gouellec, V. J. M., Perotti, G., Devaraj, R., Tabone, B., Ray, T. P., Brunken, N. G. C., Chen, Y., Kavanagh, P. J., Klaassen, P., ... Östlin, G. (2024). JWST Observations of Young protoStars (JOYS) Linked accretion and ejection in a Class I protobinary system. Astronomy and Astrophysics, 687, Article A36. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202348889

@article{2f8a6296bc6b425b9a781ae21c96b2e6,

title = "JWST Observations of Young protoStars (JOYS) Linked accretion and ejection in a Class I protobinary system",

abstract = "Context. Accretion and ejection dictate the outcomes of star and planet formation processes. The mid-infrared (MIR) wavelength range offers key tracers of processes that have been difficult to detect and spatially resolve in protostars until now. Aims. We aim to characterize the interplay between accretion and ejection in the low-mass Class I protobinary system TMC1, comprising two young stellar objects: TMC1-W and TMC1-E at a 85 au separation. Methods. Using the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI) observations in 5–28 µm range, we measured the intensities of emission lines of H2, atoms, and ions, for instance, the [Fe II] and [Ne II], and HI recombination lines. We analyzed the spatial distribution of the different species using the MIRI Medium Resolution Spectrometer (MRS) capabilities to spatially resolve emission at 0'{\'.}2–0'{\'.}7 scales. we compared these results with the corresponding Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) maps tracing cold gas and dust. Results. We detected H2 outflow coming from TMC1-E, with no significant H2 emission from TMC1-W. The H2 emission from TMC1-E outflow appears narrow and extends to wider opening angles with decreasing Eup from S(8) to S(1) rotational transitions, indicating the disk wind as its origin. The outflow from TMC1-E protostar shows spatially extended emission lines of [Ne II], [Ne III], [Ar II], and [Ar III], with their line ratios consistent with UV radiation as a source of ionization. With ALMA, we detected an accretion streamer infalling from >1000 au scales onto the TMC1-E component. The TMC1-W protostar powers a collimated jet, detected with [Fe II] and [Ni II], making it consistent with energetic flow. A much weaker ionized jet is observed from TMC1-E, and both jets appear strikingly parallel to each other, indicating that the disks are co-planar. TMC1-W is associated with strong emission from hydrogen recombination lines, tracing the accretion onto the young star. Conclusions. MIRI-MRS observations provide an unprecedented view of protostellar accretion and ejection processes on 20 au scales. Observations of a binary Class I protostellar system show that the two processes are clearly intertwined, with accretion from the envelope onto the disk influencing a wide-angle wind ejected on disk scales. Finally, the accretion from the protostellar disk onto the protostar is associated with the source launching a collimated high-velocity jet within the innermost regions of the disk.",

keywords = "accretion, accretion disks, infrared: ISM, ISM: jets and outflows, stars: low-mass, stars: protostars, techniques: spectroscopic",

author = "{\L}ukasz Tychoniec and \{van Gelder\}, \{Martijn L.\} and \{van Dishoeck\}, \{Ewine F.\} and Logan Francis and Rocha, \{Will R.M.\} and Garatti, \{Alessio Caratti O.\} and Henrik Beuther and Caroline Gieser and Kay Justtanont and Harold Linnartz and \{Le Gouellec\}, \{Valentin J.M.\} and Giulia Perotti and Rangaswamy Devaraj and Beno{\^i}t Tabone and Ray, \{Thomas P.\} and Brunken, \{Nashanty G.C.\} and Yuan Chen and Kavanagh, \{Patrick J.\} and Pamela Klaassen and Katerina Slavicinska and Manuel G{\"u}del and Goran {\"O}stlin",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} The Authors 2024.",

year = "2024",

month = jul,

doi = "10.1051/0004-6361/202348889",

language = "English",

volume = "687",

journal = "Astronomy and Astrophysics",

issn = "0004-6361",

publisher = "EDP SCIENCES S A",

}

Tychoniec, Ł, van Gelder, ML, van Dishoeck, EF, Francis, L, Rocha, WRM, Garatti, ACO, Beuther, H, Gieser, C, Justtanont, K, Linnartz, H, Le Gouellec, VJM, Perotti, G, Devaraj, R, Tabone, B, Ray, TP, Brunken, NGC, Chen, Y, Kavanagh, PJ, Klaassen, P, Slavicinska, K, Güdel, M & Östlin, G 2024, 'JWST Observations of Young protoStars (JOYS) Linked accretion and ejection in a Class I protobinary system', Astronomy and Astrophysics, vol. 687, A36. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202348889

TY - JOUR

T1 - JWST Observations of Young protoStars (JOYS) Linked accretion and ejection in a Class I protobinary system

AU - Tychoniec, Łukasz

AU - van Gelder, Martijn L.

AU - van Dishoeck, Ewine F.

AU - Francis, Logan

AU - Rocha, Will R.M.

AU - Garatti, Alessio Caratti O.

AU - Beuther, Henrik

AU - Gieser, Caroline

AU - Justtanont, Kay

AU - Linnartz, Harold

AU - Le Gouellec, Valentin J.M.

AU - Perotti, Giulia

AU - Devaraj, Rangaswamy

AU - Tabone, Benoît

AU - Ray, Thomas P.

AU - Brunken, Nashanty G.C.

AU - Chen, Yuan

AU - Kavanagh, Patrick J.

AU - Klaassen, Pamela

AU - Slavicinska, Katerina

AU - Güdel, Manuel

AU - Östlin, Goran

PY - 2024/7

Y1 - 2024/7

N2 - Context. Accretion and ejection dictate the outcomes of star and planet formation processes. The mid-infrared (MIR) wavelength range offers key tracers of processes that have been difficult to detect and spatially resolve in protostars until now. Aims. We aim to characterize the interplay between accretion and ejection in the low-mass Class I protobinary system TMC1, comprising two young stellar objects: TMC1-W and TMC1-E at a 85 au separation. Methods. Using the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI) observations in 5–28 µm range, we measured the intensities of emission lines of H2, atoms, and ions, for instance, the [Fe II] and [Ne II], and HI recombination lines. We analyzed the spatial distribution of the different species using the MIRI Medium Resolution Spectrometer (MRS) capabilities to spatially resolve emission at 0'.́2–0'.́7 scales. we compared these results with the corresponding Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) maps tracing cold gas and dust. Results. We detected H2 outflow coming from TMC1-E, with no significant H2 emission from TMC1-W. The H2 emission from TMC1-E outflow appears narrow and extends to wider opening angles with decreasing Eup from S(8) to S(1) rotational transitions, indicating the disk wind as its origin. The outflow from TMC1-E protostar shows spatially extended emission lines of [Ne II], [Ne III], [Ar II], and [Ar III], with their line ratios consistent with UV radiation as a source of ionization. With ALMA, we detected an accretion streamer infalling from >1000 au scales onto the TMC1-E component. The TMC1-W protostar powers a collimated jet, detected with [Fe II] and [Ni II], making it consistent with energetic flow. A much weaker ionized jet is observed from TMC1-E, and both jets appear strikingly parallel to each other, indicating that the disks are co-planar. TMC1-W is associated with strong emission from hydrogen recombination lines, tracing the accretion onto the young star. Conclusions. MIRI-MRS observations provide an unprecedented view of protostellar accretion and ejection processes on 20 au scales. Observations of a binary Class I protostellar system show that the two processes are clearly intertwined, with accretion from the envelope onto the disk influencing a wide-angle wind ejected on disk scales. Finally, the accretion from the protostellar disk onto the protostar is associated with the source launching a collimated high-velocity jet within the innermost regions of the disk.

AB - Context. Accretion and ejection dictate the outcomes of star and planet formation processes. The mid-infrared (MIR) wavelength range offers key tracers of processes that have been difficult to detect and spatially resolve in protostars until now. Aims. We aim to characterize the interplay between accretion and ejection in the low-mass Class I protobinary system TMC1, comprising two young stellar objects: TMC1-W and TMC1-E at a 85 au separation. Methods. Using the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI) observations in 5–28 µm range, we measured the intensities of emission lines of H2, atoms, and ions, for instance, the [Fe II] and [Ne II], and HI recombination lines. We analyzed the spatial distribution of the different species using the MIRI Medium Resolution Spectrometer (MRS) capabilities to spatially resolve emission at 0'.́2–0'.́7 scales. we compared these results with the corresponding Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) maps tracing cold gas and dust. Results. We detected H2 outflow coming from TMC1-E, with no significant H2 emission from TMC1-W. The H2 emission from TMC1-E outflow appears narrow and extends to wider opening angles with decreasing Eup from S(8) to S(1) rotational transitions, indicating the disk wind as its origin. The outflow from TMC1-E protostar shows spatially extended emission lines of [Ne II], [Ne III], [Ar II], and [Ar III], with their line ratios consistent with UV radiation as a source of ionization. With ALMA, we detected an accretion streamer infalling from >1000 au scales onto the TMC1-E component. The TMC1-W protostar powers a collimated jet, detected with [Fe II] and [Ni II], making it consistent with energetic flow. A much weaker ionized jet is observed from TMC1-E, and both jets appear strikingly parallel to each other, indicating that the disks are co-planar. TMC1-W is associated with strong emission from hydrogen recombination lines, tracing the accretion onto the young star. Conclusions. MIRI-MRS observations provide an unprecedented view of protostellar accretion and ejection processes on 20 au scales. Observations of a binary Class I protostellar system show that the two processes are clearly intertwined, with accretion from the envelope onto the disk influencing a wide-angle wind ejected on disk scales. Finally, the accretion from the protostellar disk onto the protostar is associated with the source launching a collimated high-velocity jet within the innermost regions of the disk.

KW - accretion, accretion disks

KW - infrared: ISM

KW - ISM: jets and outflows

KW - stars: low-mass

KW - stars: protostars

KW - techniques: spectroscopic

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85197315869

U2 - 10.1051/0004-6361/202348889

DO - 10.1051/0004-6361/202348889

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85197315869

SN - 0004-6361

VL - 687

JO - Astronomy and Astrophysics

JF - Astronomy and Astrophysics

M1 - A36

ER -

JWST Observations of Young protoStars (JOYS) Linked accretion and ejection in a Class I protobinary system

Abstract

Funding

Austrian Fields of Science 2012

Keywords

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