Reduced anthropogenic aerosol radiative forcing caused by biogenic new particle formation

Hamish Gordon; Kamalika Sengupta; Alexandru Rap; Jonathan Duplissy; Carla Frege; Christina Williamson; Martin Heinritzi; Mario Simon; Chao Yan; Joao Almeida; Jasmin Tröstl; Tuomo Nieminen; Ismael K. Ortega; Robert Wagner; Eimear M. Dunne; Alexey Adamov; Antonio Amorim; Anne-Kathrin Bernhammer; Federico Bianchi; Martin Breitenlechner; Sophia Brilke; Xuemeng Chen; Jill S. Craven; Antonio Dias; Sebastian Ehrhart; Lukas Fischer; Richard C. Flagan; Alessandro Franchin; Claudia Fuchs; Roberto Guida; Jani Hakala; Christopher R. Hoyle; Tuija Jokinen; Heikki Junninen; Juha Kangasluoma; Jaeseok Kim; Jasper Kirkby; Manuel Krapf; Andreas Kürten; Ari Laaksonen; Katrianne Lehtipalo; Vladimir Makhmutov; Serge Mathot; Ugo Molteni; Sarah A. Monks; Antti Onnela; Otso Peräkylä; Felix Piel; Tuukka Petäjä; Arnaud P. Praplan; Kirsty J. Pringle; Nigel A. D. Richards; Matti P. Rissanen; Linda Rondo; Nina Sarnela; Siegfried Schobesberger; Catherine E. Scott; John H. Seinfeld; Sangeeta Sharma; Mikko Sipilä; Gerhard Steiner; Yuri Stozhkov; Frank Stratmann; Antonio Tome; Annele Virtanen; Alexander Lucas Vogel; Andrea C. Wagner; Paul E. Wagner; Ernest Weingartner; Daniela Wimmer; Paul M. Winkler; Penglin Ye; Xuan Zhang; Armin Hansel; Josef Dommen; Neil M. Donahue; Douglas R. Worsnop; Urs Baltensperger; Markku Kulmala; Joachim Curtius; Kenneth S. Carslaw

doi:10.1073/pnas.1602360113

Reduced anthropogenic aerosol radiative forcing caused by biogenic new particle formation

Hamish Gordon (Corresponding author)
, Kamalika Sengupta
, Alexandru Rap
, Jonathan Duplissy
, Carla Frege
, Christina Williamson
, Martin Heinritzi
, Mario Simon
, Chao Yan
, Joao Almeida
, Jasmin Tröstl
, Tuomo Nieminen
, Ismael K. Ortega
, Robert Wagner
, Eimear M. Dunne
, Alexey Adamov
, Antonio Amorim
, Anne-Kathrin Bernhammer
, Federico Bianchi
, Martin Breitenlechner

Sophia Brilke, Xuemeng Chen, Jill S. Craven, Antonio Dias, Sebastian Ehrhart, Lukas Fischer, Richard C. Flagan, Alessandro Franchin, Claudia Fuchs, Roberto Guida, Jani Hakala, Christopher R. Hoyle, Tuija Jokinen, Heikki Junninen, Juha Kangasluoma, Jaeseok Kim, Jasper Kirkby, Manuel Krapf, Andreas Kürten, Ari Laaksonen, Katrianne Lehtipalo, Vladimir Makhmutov, Serge Mathot, Ugo Molteni, Sarah A. Monks, Antti Onnela, Otso Peräkylä, Felix Piel, Tuukka Petäjä, Arnaud P. Praplan, Kirsty J. Pringle, Nigel A. D. Richards, Matti P. Rissanen, Linda Rondo, Nina Sarnela, Siegfried Schobesberger, Catherine E. Scott, John H. Seinfeld, Sangeeta Sharma, Mikko Sipilä, Gerhard Steiner, Yuri Stozhkov, Frank Stratmann, Antonio Tome, Annele Virtanen, Alexander Lucas Vogel, Andrea C. Wagner, Paul E. Wagner, Ernest Weingartner, Daniela Wimmer, Paul M. Winkler, Penglin Ye, Xuan Zhang, Armin Hansel, Josef Dommen, Neil M. Donahue, Douglas R. Worsnop, Urs Baltensperger, Markku Kulmala, Joachim Curtius, Kenneth S. Carslaw (Corresponding author)

Aerosol Physics and Environmental Physics

Publications: Contribution to journal › Article › Peer Reviewed

Abstract

The magnitude of aerosol radiative forcing caused by anthropogenic emissions depends on the baseline state of the atmosphere under pristine preindustrial conditions. Measurements show that particle formation in atmospheric conditions can occur solely from biogenic vapors. Here, we evaluate the potential effect of this source of particles on preindustrial cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) concentrations and aerosol-cloud radiative forcing over the industrial period. Model simulations show that the pure biogenic particle formation mechanism has a much larger relative effect on CCN concentrations in the preindustrial atmosphere than in the present atmosphere because of the lower aerosol concentrations. Consequently, preindustrial cloud albedo is increased more than under present day conditions, and therefore the cooling forcing of anthropogenic aerosols is reduced. The mechanism increases CCN concentrations by 20-100% over a large fraction of the preindustrial lower atmosphere, and the magnitude of annual global mean radiative forcing caused by changes of cloud albedo since 1750 is reduced by 0.22 W m(-2) (27%) to -0.60 W m(-2). Model uncertainties, relatively slow formation rates, and limited available ambient measurements make it difficult to establish the significance of a mechanism that has its dominant effect under preindustrial conditions. Our simulations predict more particle formation in the Amazon than is observed. However, the first observation of pure organic nucleation has now been reported for the free troposphere. Given the potentially significant effect on anthropogenic forcing, effort should be made to better understand such naturally driven aerosol processes.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	12053-12058
Number of pages	6
Journal	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (PNAS)
Volume	113
Issue number	43
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1602360113
Publication status	Published - 25 Oct 2016

Funding

We thank P. Carrie, L.-P. De Menezes, J. Dumollard, F. Josa, I. Krasin, R. Kristic, A. Laassiri, O. S. Maksumov, B. Marichy, H. Martinati, S. V. Mizin, R. Sitals, A. Wasem, and M. Wilhelmsson for their important contributions to the experiment. We also thank D. Veber from Environment and Climate Change Canada for maintenance and calibrations of instruments at East Trout Lake and the Earth System Research Laboratory of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration for collaboration with data collection and quality assurance and control software. We thank A. D. Clarke and C. L. S. Reddington for making available processed data from the Arctic Research of the Composition of the Troposphere from Aircraft and Satellites (ARCTAS) campaign. We thank the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) for supporting CLOUD with important technical and financial resources and providing a particle beam from the CERN Proton Synchrotron. The global modelling simulations were performed on Advanced Research Computing (ARC) high-performance computers at the University of Leeds. This research has received funding from the European Commission (EC) Seventh Framework and Horizon 2020 Programmes [Marie Curie Initial Training Network (MC-ITN) CLOUD-TRAIN Grant 316662, Marie Sklodowska-Curie Grants 656994 and 600377, European Research Council (ERC)-Consolidator Grant NANODYNAMITE 616075, and ERC-Advanced Grant ATMNUCLE 227463]; German Federal Ministry of Education and Research Project 01LK1222A; Swiss National Science Foundation Projects 200020_135307, 200021_140663, 206021_144947/1, and 20FI20_149002/1; Academy of Finland Center of Excellence Project 1118615; Academy of Finland Grants 135054, 133872, 251427, 139656, 139995, 137749, 141217, and 141451; the Finnish Funding Agency for Technology and Innovation; the Vaisala Foundation; the Nessling Foundation; Austrian Science Fund Project L593; Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology Project CERN/FP/116387/2010; Swedish Research Council, Vetenskapsradet Grant 2011-5120; Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences and Russian Foundation for Basic Research Grant 12-02-91522-CERN; United Kingdom Natural Environment Research Council Grant NE/K015966/1; the Royal Society (Wolfson Merit Award); National Science Foundation Grants AGS1136479, AGS1439551, AGS1447056, and CHE1012293; Caltech Environmental Science and Engineering Grant (Davidow Foundation); Dreyfus Award EP-11-117; the French National Research Agency; the Nord-Pas de Calais; and European Funds for Regional Economic Development Labex-Cappa Grant ANR-11-LABX-0005-01.

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 13 Climate Action

Austrian Fields of Science 2012

103037 Environmental physics
103039 Aerosol physics

Keywords

aerosol
biogenic
forcing
climate
SECONDARY ORGANIC AEROSOL
SULFURIC-ACID
ATMOSPHERIC PARTICLES
FORMATION EVENTS
CLIMATE MODEL
GLOBAL CCN
NUCLEATION
EMISSIONS
IMPACT
FOREST
Biogenic
Climate
Aerosol
Forcing

Access to Document

10.1073/pnas.1602360113

Cite this

Gordon, H., Sengupta, K., Rap, A., Duplissy, J., Frege, C., Williamson, C., Heinritzi, M., Simon, M., Yan, C., Almeida, J., Tröstl, J., Nieminen, T., Ortega, I. K., Wagner, R., Dunne, E. M., Adamov, A., Amorim, A., Bernhammer, A.-K., Bianchi, F., ... Carslaw, K. S. (2016). Reduced anthropogenic aerosol radiative forcing caused by biogenic new particle formation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (PNAS), 113(43), 12053-12058. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1602360113

@article{b217ecd11cf64aca8cbfe506d693890a,

title = "Reduced anthropogenic aerosol radiative forcing caused by biogenic new particle formation",

abstract = "The magnitude of aerosol radiative forcing caused by anthropogenic emissions depends on the baseline state of the atmosphere under pristine preindustrial conditions. Measurements show that particle formation in atmospheric conditions can occur solely from biogenic vapors. Here, we evaluate the potential effect of this source of particles on preindustrial cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) concentrations and aerosol-cloud radiative forcing over the industrial period. Model simulations show that the pure biogenic particle formation mechanism has a much larger relative effect on CCN concentrations in the preindustrial atmosphere than in the present atmosphere because of the lower aerosol concentrations. Consequently, preindustrial cloud albedo is increased more than under present day conditions, and therefore the cooling forcing of anthropogenic aerosols is reduced. The mechanism increases CCN concentrations by 20-100\% over a large fraction of the preindustrial lower atmosphere, and the magnitude of annual global mean radiative forcing caused by changes of cloud albedo since 1750 is reduced by 0.22 W m(-2) (27\%) to -0.60 W m(-2). Model uncertainties, relatively slow formation rates, and limited available ambient measurements make it difficult to establish the significance of a mechanism that has its dominant effect under preindustrial conditions. Our simulations predict more particle formation in the Amazon than is observed. However, the first observation of pure organic nucleation has now been reported for the free troposphere. Given the potentially significant effect on anthropogenic forcing, effort should be made to better understand such naturally driven aerosol processes.",

keywords = "aerosol, biogenic, forcing, climate, SECONDARY ORGANIC AEROSOL, SULFURIC-ACID, ATMOSPHERIC PARTICLES, FORMATION EVENTS, CLIMATE MODEL, GLOBAL CCN, NUCLEATION, EMISSIONS, IMPACT, FOREST, Biogenic, Climate, Aerosol, Forcing",

author = "Hamish Gordon and Kamalika Sengupta and Alexandru Rap and Jonathan Duplissy and Carla Frege and Christina Williamson and Martin Heinritzi and Mario Simon and Chao Yan and Joao Almeida and Jasmin Tr{\"o}stl and Tuomo Nieminen and Ortega, \{Ismael K.\} and Robert Wagner and Dunne, \{Eimear M.\} and Alexey Adamov and Antonio Amorim and Anne-Kathrin Bernhammer and Federico Bianchi and Martin Breitenlechner and Sophia Brilke and Xuemeng Chen and Craven, \{Jill S.\} and Antonio Dias and Sebastian Ehrhart and Lukas Fischer and Flagan, \{Richard C.\} and Alessandro Franchin and Claudia Fuchs and Roberto Guida and Jani Hakala and Hoyle, \{Christopher R.\} and Tuija Jokinen and Heikki Junninen and Juha Kangasluoma and Jaeseok Kim and Jasper Kirkby and Manuel Krapf and Andreas K{\"u}rten and Ari Laaksonen and Katrianne Lehtipalo and Vladimir Makhmutov and Serge Mathot and Ugo Molteni and Monks, \{Sarah A.\} and Antti Onnela and Otso Per{\"a}kyl{\"a} and Felix Piel and Tuukka Pet{\"a}j{\"a} and Praplan, \{Arnaud P.\} and Pringle, \{Kirsty J.\} and Richards, \{Nigel A. D.\} and Rissanen, \{Matti P.\} and Linda Rondo and Nina Sarnela and Siegfried Schobesberger and Scott, \{Catherine E.\} and Seinfeld, \{John H.\} and Sangeeta Sharma and Mikko Sipil{\"a} and Gerhard Steiner and Yuri Stozhkov and Frank Stratmann and Antonio Tome and Annele Virtanen and Vogel, \{Alexander Lucas\} and Wagner, \{Andrea C.\} and Wagner, \{Paul E.\} and Ernest Weingartner and Daniela Wimmer and Winkler, \{Paul M.\} and Penglin Ye and Xuan Zhang and Armin Hansel and Josef Dommen and Donahue, \{Neil M.\} and Worsnop, \{Douglas R.\} and Urs Baltensperger and Markku Kulmala and Joachim Curtius and Carslaw, \{Kenneth S.\}",

year = "2016",

month = oct,

day = "25",

doi = "10.1073/pnas.1602360113",

language = "English",

volume = "113",

pages = "12053--12058",

journal = "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (PNAS)",

issn = "0027-8424",

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number = "43",

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Gordon, H, Sengupta, K, Rap, A, Duplissy, J, Frege, C, Williamson, C, Heinritzi, M, Simon, M, Yan, C, Almeida, J, Tröstl, J, Nieminen, T, Ortega, IK, Wagner, R, Dunne, EM, Adamov, A, Amorim, A, Bernhammer, A-K, Bianchi, F, Breitenlechner, M, Brilke, S, Chen, X, Craven, JS, Dias, A, Ehrhart, S, Fischer, L, Flagan, RC, Franchin, A, Fuchs, C, Guida, R, Hakala, J, Hoyle, CR, Jokinen, T, Junninen, H, Kangasluoma, J, Kim, J, Kirkby, J, Krapf, M, Kürten, A, Laaksonen, A, Lehtipalo, K, Makhmutov, V, Mathot, S, Molteni, U, Monks, SA, Onnela, A, Peräkylä, O, Piel, F, Petäjä, T, Praplan, AP, Pringle, KJ, Richards, NAD, Rissanen, MP, Rondo, L, Sarnela, N, Schobesberger, S, Scott, CE, Seinfeld, JH, Sharma, S, Sipilä, M, Steiner, G, Stozhkov, Y, Stratmann, F, Tome, A, Virtanen, A, Vogel, AL, Wagner, AC, Wagner, PE, Weingartner, E, Wimmer, D, Winkler, PM, Ye, P, Zhang, X, Hansel, A, Dommen, J, Donahue, NM, Worsnop, DR, Baltensperger, U, Kulmala, M, Curtius, J & Carslaw, KS 2016, 'Reduced anthropogenic aerosol radiative forcing caused by biogenic new particle formation', Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (PNAS), vol. 113, no. 43, pp. 12053-12058. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1602360113

Reduced anthropogenic aerosol radiative forcing caused by biogenic new particle formation. / Gordon, Hamish (Corresponding author); Sengupta, Kamalika; Rap, Alexandru et al.
In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (PNAS), Vol. 113, No. 43, 25.10.2016, p. 12053-12058.

Publications: Contribution to journal › Article › Peer Reviewed

TY - JOUR

T1 - Reduced anthropogenic aerosol radiative forcing caused by biogenic new particle formation

AU - Gordon, Hamish

AU - Sengupta, Kamalika

AU - Rap, Alexandru

AU - Duplissy, Jonathan

AU - Frege, Carla

AU - Williamson, Christina

AU - Heinritzi, Martin

AU - Simon, Mario

AU - Yan, Chao

AU - Almeida, Joao

AU - Tröstl, Jasmin

AU - Nieminen, Tuomo

AU - Ortega, Ismael K.

AU - Wagner, Robert

AU - Dunne, Eimear M.

AU - Adamov, Alexey

AU - Amorim, Antonio

AU - Bernhammer, Anne-Kathrin

AU - Bianchi, Federico

AU - Breitenlechner, Martin

AU - Brilke, Sophia

AU - Chen, Xuemeng

AU - Craven, Jill S.

AU - Dias, Antonio

AU - Ehrhart, Sebastian

AU - Fischer, Lukas

AU - Flagan, Richard C.

AU - Franchin, Alessandro

AU - Fuchs, Claudia

AU - Guida, Roberto

AU - Hakala, Jani

AU - Hoyle, Christopher R.

AU - Jokinen, Tuija

AU - Junninen, Heikki

AU - Kangasluoma, Juha

AU - Kim, Jaeseok

AU - Kirkby, Jasper

AU - Krapf, Manuel

AU - Kürten, Andreas

AU - Laaksonen, Ari

AU - Lehtipalo, Katrianne

AU - Makhmutov, Vladimir

AU - Mathot, Serge

AU - Molteni, Ugo

AU - Monks, Sarah A.

AU - Onnela, Antti

AU - Peräkylä, Otso

AU - Piel, Felix

AU - Petäjä, Tuukka

AU - Praplan, Arnaud P.

AU - Pringle, Kirsty J.

AU - Richards, Nigel A. D.

AU - Rissanen, Matti P.

AU - Rondo, Linda

AU - Sarnela, Nina

AU - Schobesberger, Siegfried

AU - Scott, Catherine E.

AU - Seinfeld, John H.

AU - Sharma, Sangeeta

AU - Sipilä, Mikko

AU - Steiner, Gerhard

AU - Stozhkov, Yuri

AU - Stratmann, Frank

AU - Tome, Antonio

AU - Virtanen, Annele

AU - Vogel, Alexander Lucas

AU - Wagner, Andrea C.

AU - Wagner, Paul E.

AU - Weingartner, Ernest

AU - Wimmer, Daniela

AU - Winkler, Paul M.

AU - Ye, Penglin

AU - Zhang, Xuan

AU - Hansel, Armin

AU - Dommen, Josef

AU - Donahue, Neil M.

AU - Worsnop, Douglas R.

AU - Baltensperger, Urs

AU - Kulmala, Markku

AU - Curtius, Joachim

AU - Carslaw, Kenneth S.

PY - 2016/10/25

Y1 - 2016/10/25

N2 - The magnitude of aerosol radiative forcing caused by anthropogenic emissions depends on the baseline state of the atmosphere under pristine preindustrial conditions. Measurements show that particle formation in atmospheric conditions can occur solely from biogenic vapors. Here, we evaluate the potential effect of this source of particles on preindustrial cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) concentrations and aerosol-cloud radiative forcing over the industrial period. Model simulations show that the pure biogenic particle formation mechanism has a much larger relative effect on CCN concentrations in the preindustrial atmosphere than in the present atmosphere because of the lower aerosol concentrations. Consequently, preindustrial cloud albedo is increased more than under present day conditions, and therefore the cooling forcing of anthropogenic aerosols is reduced. The mechanism increases CCN concentrations by 20-100% over a large fraction of the preindustrial lower atmosphere, and the magnitude of annual global mean radiative forcing caused by changes of cloud albedo since 1750 is reduced by 0.22 W m(-2) (27%) to -0.60 W m(-2). Model uncertainties, relatively slow formation rates, and limited available ambient measurements make it difficult to establish the significance of a mechanism that has its dominant effect under preindustrial conditions. Our simulations predict more particle formation in the Amazon than is observed. However, the first observation of pure organic nucleation has now been reported for the free troposphere. Given the potentially significant effect on anthropogenic forcing, effort should be made to better understand such naturally driven aerosol processes.

AB - The magnitude of aerosol radiative forcing caused by anthropogenic emissions depends on the baseline state of the atmosphere under pristine preindustrial conditions. Measurements show that particle formation in atmospheric conditions can occur solely from biogenic vapors. Here, we evaluate the potential effect of this source of particles on preindustrial cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) concentrations and aerosol-cloud radiative forcing over the industrial period. Model simulations show that the pure biogenic particle formation mechanism has a much larger relative effect on CCN concentrations in the preindustrial atmosphere than in the present atmosphere because of the lower aerosol concentrations. Consequently, preindustrial cloud albedo is increased more than under present day conditions, and therefore the cooling forcing of anthropogenic aerosols is reduced. The mechanism increases CCN concentrations by 20-100% over a large fraction of the preindustrial lower atmosphere, and the magnitude of annual global mean radiative forcing caused by changes of cloud albedo since 1750 is reduced by 0.22 W m(-2) (27%) to -0.60 W m(-2). Model uncertainties, relatively slow formation rates, and limited available ambient measurements make it difficult to establish the significance of a mechanism that has its dominant effect under preindustrial conditions. Our simulations predict more particle formation in the Amazon than is observed. However, the first observation of pure organic nucleation has now been reported for the free troposphere. Given the potentially significant effect on anthropogenic forcing, effort should be made to better understand such naturally driven aerosol processes.

KW - aerosol

KW - biogenic

KW - forcing

KW - climate

KW - SECONDARY ORGANIC AEROSOL

KW - SULFURIC-ACID

KW - ATMOSPHERIC PARTICLES

KW - FORMATION EVENTS

KW - CLIMATE MODEL

KW - GLOBAL CCN

KW - NUCLEATION

KW - EMISSIONS

KW - IMPACT

KW - FOREST

KW - Biogenic

KW - Climate

KW - Aerosol

KW - Forcing

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/84992316389

U2 - 10.1073/pnas.1602360113

DO - 10.1073/pnas.1602360113

M3 - Article

SN - 0027-8424

VL - 113

SP - 12053

EP - 12058

JO - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (PNAS)

JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (PNAS)

IS - 43

ER -

Reduced anthropogenic aerosol radiative forcing caused by biogenic new particle formation

Abstract

Funding

UN SDGs

Austrian Fields of Science 2012

Keywords

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