Social and genetic diversity in first farmers of central Europe

GELABERT PERE, Penelope Fiona Bickle, Daniela Hofmann, Maria Eva Teschler-Nicola, Alexandra Anders, Xin Huang, Michelle Hämmerle, Iñigo Olalde, Romain Fournier, Harald Ringbauer, Ali Akbari, Olivia Cheronet, Iosif Lazaridis, Nasreen Broomandkhoshbacht, Daniel M Fernandes, Katharina Buttinger, Kim Callan, Francesca Candilio, Guillermo Bravo Morante, Elizabeth CurtisMatthew Ferry, Denise Keating, Suzanne Freilich, Aisling Kearns, Éadaoin Harney, Ann Marie Lawson, Kirsten Mandl, Megan Michel, Victoria Oberreiter, Brina Zagorc, Jonas Oppenheimer, Susanna Sawyer, Constanze Schattke, Kadir Toykan Özdoğan, Lijun Qiu, J. Noah Workman, Fatma Zalzala, Swapan Mallick, Matthew Mah, Adam Micco, Franz Pieler, Juraj Pavuk, Alena Šefčáková, Catalin Lazar, Andrej Starović, Marija Djuric, Maja Krznarić Škrivanko, Mario Slaus, Željka Bedić, Friederike Novotny, László D. Szabó, Orsolya Cserpák-Laczi, Tamara Hága, László Szolnoki, Zsigmond Hajdú, Pavel Mirea, Emese Gyöngyvér Nagy, Zsuzsanna M. Virág, Horváth M. Attila, László András Horváth, Katalin T. Biró, László Domboróczki, Tamás Szeniczey, János Jakucs, Márta Szelekovszky, Zoltán Farkas, Sándor József Sztáncsuj, Krisztián Tóth, Piroska Csengeri, Ildikó Pap, Róbert Patay, Anđelka Putica, Branislav Vasov, Bálint Havasi, Katalin Sebők, Pál Raczky, Gabriella Lovász, Zdenek Tvrdy, Nadin Rohland, Mario Novak, Matej Ruttkay, Mária Krošláková, Jozef Batora, Tibor Paluch, Dušan Borić, János Dani, Martin Kuhlwilm, Pier Francesco Palamara, Tamás Hajdu, Ron Pinhasi (Corresponding author), David Reich

Publications: Contribution to journalArticlePeer Reviewed

Abstract

The Linearbandkeramik (LBK) Neolithic communities were the first to spread farming across large parts of Europe. We report genome-wide data for 250 individuals: 178 individuals from whole-cemetery surveys of the Alföld Linearbankeramik Culture eastern LBK site of Polgár-Ferenci-hát, the western LBK site of Nitra Horné Krškany and the western LBK settlement and massacre site of Asparn-Schletz, as well as 48 LBK individuals from 16 other sites and 24 earlier Körös and Starčevo individuals from 17 more sites. Here we show a systematically higher percentage of western hunter-gatherer ancestry in eastern than in western LBK sites, showing that these two distinct LBK groups had different genetic trajectories. We find evidence for patrilocality, with more structure across sites in the male than in the female lines and a higher rate of within-site relatives for males. At Asparn-Schletz we find almost no relatives, showing that the massacred individuals were from a large population, not a small community.
Original languageEnglish
JournalNature Human Behaviour
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 29 Nov 2024

Austrian Fields of Science 2012

  • 106013 Genetics

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