Abstract
Modern humans arrived in Europe ∼45,000 years ago, but little is known about their genetic composition before the start of farming ∼8,500 years ago. Here we analyse genome-wide data from 51 Eurasians from ∼45,000-7,000 years ago. Over this time, the proportion of Neanderthal DNA decreased from 3-6% to around 2%, consistent with natural selection against Neanderthal variants in modern humans. Whereas there is no evidence of the earliest modern humans in Europe contributing to the genetic composition of present-day Europeans, all individuals between ∼37,000 and ∼14,000 years ago descended from a single founder population which forms part of the ancestry of present-day Europeans. An ∼35,000-year-old individual from northwest Europe represents an early branch of this founder population which was then displaced across a broad region, before reappearing in southwest Europe at the height of the last Ice Age ∼19,000 years ago. During the major warming period after ∼14,000 years ago, a genetic component related to present-day Near Easterners became widespread in Europe. These results document how population turnover and migration have been recurring themes of European prehistory.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 200–205 |
Number of pages | 6 |
Journal | Nature |
Volume | 534 |
Issue number | 7606 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 9 Jun 2016 |
Austrian Fields of Science 2012
- 106018 Human biology
Keywords
- ADMIXTURE
- ANCESTRY
- CAVE
- DISPERSAL
- GENOME SEQUENCE
- HUNTER-GATHERERS
- MORPHOLOGY
- NEANDERTHAL
- RADIOCARBON-DATES
- SUGGEST