The leaching of phthalates from PVC can be determined with an infinite sink approach

Charlotte Henkel; Thorsten Hüffer; Thilo Hofmann

doi:10.1016/j.mex.2019.10.026

The leaching of phthalates from PVC can be determined with an infinite sink approach

Charlotte Henkel, Thorsten Hüffer, Thilo Hofmann (Corresponding author)

Publications: Contribution to journal › Article › Peer Reviewed

Abstract

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is the third most used polymer for plastic products in the European Union (+NO/ CH) and contains the highest amounts of additives, especially phthalic acid esters (phthalates). Leaching kinetics of additives from (micro-) plastics into aqueous environments are highly relevant for environmental risk assessment and modelling of the fluxes of plastics and its associated additives. Investigating the leaching of phthalates into aqueous environments in batch experiments is challenging due to their low solubility and high hydrophobicity and there are no standard methods to study release processes. Here we describe an infinite sink method to investigate the leaching of phthalates from PVC into the aqueous phase. Spiking and leaching experiments using bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate as a model phthalate enabled the validation and evaluation of the designed infinite sink method. The developed method offers:
• a low-cost and simple approach to investigate leaching of phthalates from PVC into aqueous environments
• the use of a high-surface activated carbon powder as an infinite sink
• a tool to elucidate the transport fluxes of plastics and additives

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	2729–2734
Number of pages	6
Journal	MethodsX
Volume	6
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mex.2019.10.026
Publication status	Published - 2019

Austrian Fields of Science 2012

104023 Environmental chemistry
105906 Environmental geosciences

Keywords

RELEASE
PLASTICIZER
MICROPLASTICS
AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT
GC-MS
Aquatic environment
PLASTICIZED PVC
BEHAVIOR
Microplastics
Plasticiser
Release
GC–MS
An infinite sink approach to investigate the leaching of phthalates from PVC

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10.1016/j.mex.2019.10.026Licence: CC BY 4.0

https://phaidra.univie.ac.at/o:1165504Licence: CC BY 4.0

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title = "The leaching of phthalates from PVC can be determined with an infinite sink approach",

abstract = "Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is the third most used polymer for plastic products in the European Union (+NO/ CH) and contains the highest amounts of additives, especially phthalic acid esters (phthalates). Leaching kinetics of additives from (micro-) plastics into aqueous environments are highly relevant for environmental risk assessment and modelling of the fluxes of plastics and its associated additives. Investigating the leaching of phthalates into aqueous environments in batch experiments is challenging due to their low solubility and high hydrophobicity and there are no standard methods to study release processes. Here we describe an infinite sink method to investigate the leaching of phthalates from PVC into the aqueous phase. Spiking and leaching experiments using bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate as a model phthalate enabled the validation and evaluation of the designed infinite sink method. The developed method offers:• a low-cost and simple approach to investigate leaching of phthalates from PVC into aqueous environments• the use of a high-surface activated carbon powder as an infinite sink• a tool to elucidate the transport fluxes of plastics and additives",

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author = "Charlotte Henkel and Thorsten H{\"u}ffer and Thilo Hofmann",

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doi = "10.1016/j.mex.2019.10.026",

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AU - Henkel, Charlotte

AU - Hüffer, Thorsten

AU - Hofmann, Thilo

PY - 2019

Y1 - 2019

N2 - Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is the third most used polymer for plastic products in the European Union (+NO/ CH) and contains the highest amounts of additives, especially phthalic acid esters (phthalates). Leaching kinetics of additives from (micro-) plastics into aqueous environments are highly relevant for environmental risk assessment and modelling of the fluxes of plastics and its associated additives. Investigating the leaching of phthalates into aqueous environments in batch experiments is challenging due to their low solubility and high hydrophobicity and there are no standard methods to study release processes. Here we describe an infinite sink method to investigate the leaching of phthalates from PVC into the aqueous phase. Spiking and leaching experiments using bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate as a model phthalate enabled the validation and evaluation of the designed infinite sink method. The developed method offers:• a low-cost and simple approach to investigate leaching of phthalates from PVC into aqueous environments• the use of a high-surface activated carbon powder as an infinite sink• a tool to elucidate the transport fluxes of plastics and additives

AB - Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is the third most used polymer for plastic products in the European Union (+NO/ CH) and contains the highest amounts of additives, especially phthalic acid esters (phthalates). Leaching kinetics of additives from (micro-) plastics into aqueous environments are highly relevant for environmental risk assessment and modelling of the fluxes of plastics and its associated additives. Investigating the leaching of phthalates into aqueous environments in batch experiments is challenging due to their low solubility and high hydrophobicity and there are no standard methods to study release processes. Here we describe an infinite sink method to investigate the leaching of phthalates from PVC into the aqueous phase. Spiking and leaching experiments using bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate as a model phthalate enabled the validation and evaluation of the designed infinite sink method. The developed method offers:• a low-cost and simple approach to investigate leaching of phthalates from PVC into aqueous environments• the use of a high-surface activated carbon powder as an infinite sink• a tool to elucidate the transport fluxes of plastics and additives

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KW - GC-MS

KW - Aquatic environment

KW - PLASTICIZED PVC

KW - BEHAVIOR

KW - Microplastics

KW - Plasticiser

KW - Release

KW - GC–MS

KW - An infinite sink approach to investigate the leaching of phthalates from PVC

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M3 - Article

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EP - 2734

JO - MethodsX

JF - MethodsX

ER -

The leaching of phthalates from PVC can be determined with an infinite sink approach

Abstract

Austrian Fields of Science 2012

Keywords

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