Three-dimensional magnetic nanotextures with high-order vorticity in soft magnetic wireframes

Oleksii M. Volkov; Oleksandr V. Pylypovskyi; Fabrizio Porrati; Florian Kronast; Jose A. Fernandez-Roldan; Attila Kákay; Alexander Kuprava; Sven Barth; Filipp N. Rybakov; Olle Eriksson; Sebastian Lamb-Camarena; Pavlo Makushko; Mohamad Assaad Mawass; Shahrukh Shakeel; Oleksandr V. Dobrovolskiy; Michael Huth; Denys Makarov

doi:10.1038/s41467-024-46403-8

Three-dimensional magnetic nanotextures with high-order vorticity in soft magnetic wireframes

Oleksii M. Volkov (Corresponding author)
, Oleksandr V. Pylypovskyi (Corresponding author)
, Fabrizio Porrati (Corresponding author)
, Florian Kronast
, Jose A. Fernandez-Roldan
, Attila Kákay
, Alexander Kuprava
, Sven Barth
, Filipp N. Rybakov
, Olle Eriksson
, Sebastian Lamb-Camarena
, Pavlo Makushko
, Mohamad Assaad Mawass
, Shahrukh Shakeel
, Oleksandr V. Dobrovolskiy
, Michael Huth
, Denys Makarov (Corresponding author)

Nanomagnetism and Magnonics

Publications: Contribution to journal › Article › Peer Reviewed

Abstract

Additive nanotechnology enable curvilinear and three-dimensional (3D) magnetic architectures with tunable topology and functionalities surpassing their planar counterparts. Here, we experimentally reveal that 3D soft magnetic wireframe structures resemble compact manifolds and accommodate magnetic textures of high order vorticity determined by the Euler characteristic, χ. We demonstrate that self-standing magnetic tetrapods (homeomorphic to a sphere; χ = + 2) support six surface topological solitons, namely four vortices and two antivortices, with a total vorticity of + 2 equal to its Euler characteristic. Alternatively, wireframe structures with one loop (homeomorphic to a torus; χ = 0) possess equal number of vortices and antivortices, which is relevant for spin-wave splitters and 3D magnonics. Subsequent introduction of n holes into the wireframe geometry (homeomorphic to an n-torus; χ < 0) enables the accommodation of a virtually unlimited number of antivortices, which suggests their usefulness for non-conventional (e.g., reservoir) computation. Furthermore, complex stray-field topologies around these objects are of interest for superconducting electronics, particle trapping and biomedical applications.

Original language	English
Article number	2193
Number of pages	13
Journal	Nature Communications
Volume	15
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-46403-8
Publication status	Published - 11 Mar 2024

Funding

We thank L. Bischoff (HZDR) for his support with SEM measurements of tetrapod structures and I. Antonenko (HZDR) for the support in the reconstruction of the shape of the experimentally studied tetrapod. Support by the Ion Beam Center large-scale facilities at the HZDR is gratefully acknowledged. XMCD-PEEM measurements were carried out at the SPEEM instrument (UE49 PGMa) at the BESSY II electron storage ring operated by the Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie. This work was financed in part via European Union’s Horizon Europe Research and Innovation Programme, Grant Agreement No. 101070066 (project REGO) and the German Research Foundation (DFG) Grants No. MA5144/22-1, MA5144/24-1, HU752/16-1, BA6595/1-1, VO2598/1-1. S.L.C. acknowledges financial support by the Vienna Doctoral School in Physics (VDSP). S.L.C. and O.V.D. acknowledge support by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) under Grant No. I 4889 (CurviMag). S.L.C. acknowledges European Cooperation on Science and Technology (e-COST) Action CA19108 (Hi-SCALE) for support via the STSM E-COST-GRANT-CA19108-2d219934. F.N.R. acknowledge support from the Swedish Research Council. O.E. also acknowledge support from the European Research Council via Synergy Grant No. 854843 (the FASTCORR project), the Wallenberg Initiative Materials Science for Sustainability (WISE) funded by the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation (KAW), eSSENCE, and STandUP.

Austrian Fields of Science 2012

103017 Magnetism
103020 Surface physics
210006 Nanotechnology

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10.1038/s41467-024-46403-8

https://phaidra.univie.ac.at/o:2182815Licence: CC BY 4.0

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Volkov, O. M., Pylypovskyi, O. V., Porrati, F., Kronast, F., Fernandez-Roldan, J. A., Kákay, A., Kuprava, A., Barth, S., Rybakov, F. N., Eriksson, O., Lamb-Camarena, S., Makushko, P., Mawass, M. A., Shakeel, S., Dobrovolskiy, O. V., Huth, M., & Makarov, D. (2024). Three-dimensional magnetic nanotextures with high-order vorticity in soft magnetic wireframes. Nature Communications, 15(1), Article 2193. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-46403-8

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title = "Three-dimensional magnetic nanotextures with high-order vorticity in soft magnetic wireframes",

abstract = "Additive nanotechnology enable curvilinear and three-dimensional (3D) magnetic architectures with tunable topology and functionalities surpassing their planar counterparts. Here, we experimentally reveal that 3D soft magnetic wireframe structures resemble compact manifolds and accommodate magnetic textures of high order vorticity determined by the Euler characteristic, χ. We demonstrate that self-standing magnetic tetrapods (homeomorphic to a sphere; χ = + 2) support six surface topological solitons, namely four vortices and two antivortices, with a total vorticity of + 2 equal to its Euler characteristic. Alternatively, wireframe structures with one loop (homeomorphic to a torus; χ = 0) possess equal number of vortices and antivortices, which is relevant for spin-wave splitters and 3D magnonics. Subsequent introduction of n holes into the wireframe geometry (homeomorphic to an n-torus; χ < 0) enables the accommodation of a virtually unlimited number of antivortices, which suggests their usefulness for non-conventional (e.g., reservoir) computation. Furthermore, complex stray-field topologies around these objects are of interest for superconducting electronics, particle trapping and biomedical applications.",

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Volkov, OM, Pylypovskyi, OV, Porrati, F, Kronast, F, Fernandez-Roldan, JA, Kákay, A, Kuprava, A, Barth, S, Rybakov, FN, Eriksson, O, Lamb-Camarena, S, Makushko, P, Mawass, MA, Shakeel, S, Dobrovolskiy, OV, Huth, M & Makarov, D 2024, 'Three-dimensional magnetic nanotextures with high-order vorticity in soft magnetic wireframes', Nature Communications, vol. 15, no. 1, 2193. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-46403-8

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AU - Mawass, Mohamad Assaad

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N2 - Additive nanotechnology enable curvilinear and three-dimensional (3D) magnetic architectures with tunable topology and functionalities surpassing their planar counterparts. Here, we experimentally reveal that 3D soft magnetic wireframe structures resemble compact manifolds and accommodate magnetic textures of high order vorticity determined by the Euler characteristic, χ. We demonstrate that self-standing magnetic tetrapods (homeomorphic to a sphere; χ = + 2) support six surface topological solitons, namely four vortices and two antivortices, with a total vorticity of + 2 equal to its Euler characteristic. Alternatively, wireframe structures with one loop (homeomorphic to a torus; χ = 0) possess equal number of vortices and antivortices, which is relevant for spin-wave splitters and 3D magnonics. Subsequent introduction of n holes into the wireframe geometry (homeomorphic to an n-torus; χ < 0) enables the accommodation of a virtually unlimited number of antivortices, which suggests their usefulness for non-conventional (e.g., reservoir) computation. Furthermore, complex stray-field topologies around these objects are of interest for superconducting electronics, particle trapping and biomedical applications.

AB - Additive nanotechnology enable curvilinear and three-dimensional (3D) magnetic architectures with tunable topology and functionalities surpassing their planar counterparts. Here, we experimentally reveal that 3D soft magnetic wireframe structures resemble compact manifolds and accommodate magnetic textures of high order vorticity determined by the Euler characteristic, χ. We demonstrate that self-standing magnetic tetrapods (homeomorphic to a sphere; χ = + 2) support six surface topological solitons, namely four vortices and two antivortices, with a total vorticity of + 2 equal to its Euler characteristic. Alternatively, wireframe structures with one loop (homeomorphic to a torus; χ = 0) possess equal number of vortices and antivortices, which is relevant for spin-wave splitters and 3D magnonics. Subsequent introduction of n holes into the wireframe geometry (homeomorphic to an n-torus; χ < 0) enables the accommodation of a virtually unlimited number of antivortices, which suggests their usefulness for non-conventional (e.g., reservoir) computation. Furthermore, complex stray-field topologies around these objects are of interest for superconducting electronics, particle trapping and biomedical applications.

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JO - Nature Communications

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Three-dimensional magnetic nanotextures with high-order vorticity in soft magnetic wireframes

Abstract

Funding

Austrian Fields of Science 2012

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CurviMag: Curvature-induced effects in magnetic nanostructures

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Three-dimensional magnetic nanotextures with high-order vorticity in soft magnetic wireframes

Abstract

Funding

Austrian Fields of Science 2012

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Projects

CurviMag: Curvature-induced effects in magnetic nanostructures

Cite this