TY - JOUR
T1 - Violation of local realism with freedom of choice
AU - Scheidl, Thomas
AU - Ursin, Rupert
AU - Kofler, Johannes
AU - Ramelow, Sven
AU - Ma, Xiaosong
AU - Herbst, Thomas
AU - Ratschbacher, Lothar
AU - Fedrizzi, Alessandro
AU - Langford, Nathan
AU - Jennewein, Thomas
AU - Zeilinger, Anton
N1 - ***<REP_Import><OA_Full_Aug_2008>118988.28</OA_Full_Aug_2008></REP_Import>***
PY - 2010
Y1 - 2010
N2 - Bell's theorem shows that local realistic theories place strong restrictions on observable correlations between different systems, giving rise to Bell's inequality which can be violated in experiments using entangled quantum states. Bell's theorem is based on the assumptions of realism, locality, and the freedom to choose between measurement settings. In experimental tests, "loopholes" arise which allow observed violations to still be explained by local realistic theories. Violating Bell's inequality while simultaneously closing all such loopholes is one of the most significant still open challenges in fundamental physics today. In this paper, we present an experiment that violates Bell's inequality while simultaneously closing the locality loophole and addressing the freedom-of-choice loophole, also closing the latter within a reasonable set of assumptions. We also explain that the locality and freedom-of-choice loopholes can be closed only within nondeterminism, i.e., in the context of stochastic local realism.
AB - Bell's theorem shows that local realistic theories place strong restrictions on observable correlations between different systems, giving rise to Bell's inequality which can be violated in experiments using entangled quantum states. Bell's theorem is based on the assumptions of realism, locality, and the freedom to choose between measurement settings. In experimental tests, "loopholes" arise which allow observed violations to still be explained by local realistic theories. Violating Bell's inequality while simultaneously closing all such loopholes is one of the most significant still open challenges in fundamental physics today. In this paper, we present an experiment that violates Bell's inequality while simultaneously closing the locality loophole and addressing the freedom-of-choice loophole, also closing the latter within a reasonable set of assumptions. We also explain that the locality and freedom-of-choice loopholes can be closed only within nondeterminism, i.e., in the context of stochastic local realism.
U2 - 10.1073/pnas.1002780107
DO - 10.1073/pnas.1002780107
M3 - Article
SN - 0027-8424
VL - 107
SP - 19708
EP - 19713
JO - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (PNAS)
JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (PNAS)
IS - 46
ER -